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Intro to A&P > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of Integumentary System

A
  1. Protect- bacteria, sun, temperature
  2. Sensory- Touch (Merkel Cells); Vibration (Pacinian Receptor)
  3. Thermoregulation- Sweat; Arrector Pili Muscle
  4. Vitamin D Synthesis- melanin
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2
Q

Connective Tissue

A

-Loosely packed
-Connects/Protects

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3
Q

Types of Connective Tissue

A

-Bone
-Cartilage
-Loose Connective
-Dense Connective
-Blood

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4
Q

Parts of the integumentary System

A

-Skin
-Hair
-Nails
-Glands

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5
Q

Layers of the Skin

A

-Epidermis
-Dermis
-Hypodermis Technically NOT part of the skin

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6
Q

Epidermis

A

-Outside layer of skin
-Karatinized
-Avascular
-Protects

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7
Q

Avascular

A

no blood vessels

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8
Q

Tissue of the Epidermis

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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9
Q

How many layers of tissue are in the Epidermis?

A

4-5 layers
- 4 Layers = most of the body
- 5 Layers = palms of hands/soles of feet

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10
Q

Layers of the Epidermis

A

-Stratum Basale
-Stratum Lucidum

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11
Q

Stratum Lucidum

A

extra (5th) layer in thick skin

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12
Q

Stratum Basale

A

-Where mitosis occurs (skin is made)
-BASE layer
-Contains Keratinocytes

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13
Q

Keratinocytes

A

cells that produce keratin

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14
Q

Keratin

A

Protein that provides toughness & waterproofing

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15
Q

Two types of cells of the Epidermis

A
  1. Merkel Cells
  2. Melanocyte
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16
Q

Merkel Cell

A

Sense of touch

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17
Q

Melanocyte

A

Produces melanin

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18
Q

Dermis

A

-2nd layer
-contains sweat glands, hair, arrector pili muscle
-vascularized
-has nerve endings

19
Q

Tissue of the Dermis

A

Connective Tissues

20
Q

Layers of Dermis

A

-Papillary Layer
-Reticular Layer
made of connective tissue

21
Q

Vascularized

A

Contains blood vessels

22
Q

Two proteins in connective tissue of the Dermis

A
  1. Elastin
  2. Collagen
23
Q

Elastin

A

Provides stretch to skin

24
Q

Collagen

A

-tensile strength
-resists deformation

25
Q

Hypodermis

A

NOT part of skin
-Keeps skin to body
-has adipose tissue
-connects, insulates, cushions

26
Q

Function of Melanin

A

-Gives pigmentation
-protects skin DNA

27
Q

Melanocytes

A

Cells that make melanin
everyone has the same number

28
Q

How is melanin produced?

A
  1. Sun stimulates the production
  2. Keratinocytes signal to melanocytes to being production
  3. Melanin that is produced is carried by melanosomes
  4. Melanosomes go to keratinocytes
  5. Melanin to skin = protection
29
Q

Melanosome

A

vesicles carrying melanin

30
Q

2 Forms of Melanin

A
  1. Eumelanin
  2. Pheomelanin
31
Q

What layer of skin does HAIR begin?

A

Dermis

32
Q

Hair Matrix

A

-High amount of keratin

33
Q

Hair Papilla

A

connective tissue

34
Q

Function of Hair

A

-Protection
-Sensation
-Thermoregulation
-Communication

35
Q

Arrector Pili Muscle

A

-Contracts when cold
-Hair stands up = traps warm air close to skin

36
Q

What turns over faster; hair or skin?

A

Skin

37
Q

Why does hair turn white?

A

-As you age, melanocytes stop making melanin
- Melanosomes still go to the hair but contains no pigment

38
Q

Function of Nails

A

-Protects
-Supports
-Fine motor tasks

39
Q

2 Types of Sweat Glands

A
  1. Eccrine Sweat Glands
  2. Apocrine Sweat Glands
40
Q

Eccrine Sweat Glands

A

-Most of the body
-Palms, Soles, Forehead
-Used to keep cool
-water

41
Q

Apocrine Sweat Glands

A

-Armpits/Genitals
-Thick organic compound
-more susceptible to bacteria breakdown

42
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

-Closely attached to hair
-produces oil (sebum)

43
Q

Function of Sebaceous Glands

A

-Waterproofing
-Lubricates

Intro to A&P (14 decks)

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