Week 4

Question 1

Bone

Answer 1

Dense, connective tissue

Question 2

Function of Bone/Cartilage *

Answer 2

1. Support
2. FACILITATE movement
3. Protect organs
4. Produce blood cells
5. Stores minerals/fats

Question 3

3 Parts of the bone

Answer 3

1. Resevoir
2. Yellow Marrow
3. Red Marrow

Question 4

Resevoir

Answer 4

Bone Matrix/Depot for minerals (ex. calcium)

Question 5

Yellow Marrow

Answer 5

-fatty storage substance
-contains Triglycerides (TG)

Question 6

Triglycerides

Answer 6

storage form for fat

Question 7

Red Marrow

Answer 7

-Hematopoiesis
-makes red blood cells

Question 8

5 Types of Bones *

Answer 8

1. Long
2. Short
3. Flat
4. Irregular
5. Sesamoid

Question 9

Long Bone *

Answer 9

-gives us height
-provides attachment points for muscles
-ex. femur/humerous

Question 10

Short Bone *

Answer 10

-provides stability for fine motor activities
-only found in wrists/ankles
-ex. carpals (wrists) & tarsals (ankles)

Question 11

Flat Bone *

Answer 11

-protects the major organs
-ex. skull, shoulder blade, ribs, sternum

Question 12

Irregular Bone *

Answer 12

-protects the internal organs
-ex. vertebrae/facial bone

Question 13

Sesamoid Bone *

Answer 13

-in tendons all over body
-resists compression from muscle
-ex. Patella (knee cap)

Question 14

2 Parts of Long Bone

Answer 14

1. Diaphysis
2. Epiphysis

Question 15

Diaphysis

Answer 15

-shaft
-has yellow marrow

Question 16

Epiphysis

Answer 16

-ends
-has red marrow

Question 17

Articular cartilage

Answer 17

Ends of bone that is cartilage

Question 18

Epiphyseal Plate

Answer 18

-Growth plate on long bone (cartilage)
-stops growing from age 18-21
-after age 21, epiphyseal plate becomes an epiphyseal line (becomes bone)

Question 19

Periosteum

Answer 19

lining that covers the whole bone (besides articular cartilage)

Question 20

Endosteum

Answer 20

-Inside of the bone
-gives bone its thick/thinness

Question 21

3 Parts of Flat Bone

Answer 21

1. Spongy Bone
   2.Periosteum
   3.Compact Bone

Question 22

Spongy Bone

Answer 22

-makes the bone lighter
-makes red blood cells

Question 23

Compact Bone

Answer 23

hard bone for protection

Question 24

3 Important Bone Markings

Answer 24

1. Articulation
   2.Projection
2. Hole

Question 25

Articulation of Bone

Answer 25

-where bones meet -articular cartilage is here -ex. head of bone

Question 26

Projection of Bone

Answer 26

-Above the bone surface -raised markings -ex. tubercle (spine)

Question 27

Hole of bone

Answer 27

-Things go through it (like blood vessels or eyes) -ex. foramen

Question 28

What is bone made of?

Answer 28

1. Calcium 2. Collagen

Question 29

Collagen

Answer 29

Flexibility

Question 30

Calcium

Answer 30

Strength

Question 31

Remodeling *

Answer 31

-process of breaking down and building bone -uses NEGATIVE feedback loop -stimulus: stress on the bones triggers remodeling -process is always changing throughout life -no stress=less bone/gets broken down -more stress=more bone

Question 32

How to put more stress on bones

Answer 32

Exercise

Question 33

4 Types of Cells in Bone Tissue

Answer 33

1.Osteoblasts 2.Osteocytes 3.Osteogenic Cells 4.Osteoclasts

Question 34

Osteoblasts

Answer 34

**B=Build** -makes bones when stress is put on body

Question 35

Osteoclasts

Answer 35

**C=Cut** -breaks down bone

Question 36

Where do Osteoblast/Osteroclasts occur?

Answer 36

Endosteum