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Intro to A&P > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

4 Major Regions of the Brain

A
  1. Cerebrum
  2. Diencephalon
  3. Brain Stem
  4. Cerebellum
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2
Q

What is the Cerebrum made up of?

A
  1. Grey Matter
  2. White Matter
  3. Corpus Collosum
  4. Longitudinal Fissure
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3
Q

Grey Matter

A

Cell Bodies

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4
Q

White Matter

A

Myelinated Axon

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5
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

communication between two sides of the brain

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6
Q

Longitudinal Fissure

A

Separates 2 hemispheres of the brain

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7
Q

Function of the Cerebrum

A

-Memory
-Emotion
-Consciousness

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8
Q

Sulcus (sulci)

A

Grooves on brain

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9
Q

Gyrus (Gyri)

A

Ridges on brain

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10
Q

Function of the Gyrus & Sulcus

A

-increases surface area
-divides the brain into regions

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11
Q

Lobes of the Cortex

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Temporal
  4. Occipital
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12
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

-Contains Prefrontal cortex & precentral gyrus

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13
Q

Prefrontal Cortex Function

A
  • emotional regulation
  • planning
  • higher level thinking
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14
Q

Precentral Gyrus

A

Primary motor cortex (motion)

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15
Q

Central Sulcus

A

divides the frontal and parietal lobe

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16
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

-Responsible for sensory perception & integration
- contains postcentral gyrus

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17
Q

Post central Gyrus

A

primary sensory cortex (sensation)

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18
Q

Cerebellum

A

motor coordination

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19
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

-processing auditory information
-encoding memory

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20
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Visual Perception

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21
Q

Aphasia

A

language disorder

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22
Q

Broca’s Area

A

responsible for motor speech

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23
Q

Expressive Aphasia

A

-AKA brocas aphasia
-language disorder related to speech
-cannot make the words but can understand fine

24
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

understanding language

25
Receptive Aphasia
-AKA Wernicke's aphasia -can speak fine but have trouble understanding speech
26
Diencephalon
-"through brain"- signals go through it - contains "-thalamus" - Senses pass through the thalamus except smell
27
What sense NOT pass through the thalamus?
Smell
28
Olfaction
- smell - directly wired into the cerebrum - strong association with memory/emotion
29
3 Parts to the Diencephalon
1. Thalamus 2. Hypothalamus 3. Epithalamus
30
Thalamus
Signals filter through this area (except smell)
31
Hypothalamus
-regulates homeostasis -using pituitary gland & horomones
32
Pituitary Glad
releases hormones
33
Epithalamus
produces melatonin to help regulate sleep
34
3 Parts of the Brain Stem
1. midbrain 2. Pons 3. Medulla Oblongata
35
Ataxia
uncoordinated movements
36
Cauda Equina
fine nerves branch out from terminal end (L 1-2)
37
Dorsal Spinal Cord
- sensory information - receiving signals - tracks up
38
Ventral Spinal Cord
- motor information - sending signal - tracks down
39
Part of Peripheral Nervous Systems
- Cranial Nerves - Peripheral Nerves - Spinal Nerves
40
Gaglion
group of unipolar cell bodies
41
Dorsal Root Ganglion
- group of unipolar cells on the back of spinal cord - carries sensory information
42
How does the Dorsal Root Ganglion carry sensory information?
- signal from the sensory receptors get sent along the dorsal root ganglion then up the spinal cord to the brain.
43
Cranial Nerves
-nerves attached to the brain - not part of the CNS
44
Olfactory Nerve
- cranial nerve #1 - special because it does NOT go through the thalamus
45
Spinal Nerves
carries motor (dorsal) and sensory (ventral) nerves- connects as one
46
Nerve Plexus
- control specific parts of the body
47
Cervical- Nerve & Function
- C1-5 - Head/Neck motory/sensory -Phrenic Nerve
48
Phrenic Nerve
C 3,4, 5 - keep the diaphragm alive -aids in breathing
49
Brachial- Nerve & Function
C4-T1 -upper extremities
50
Lumbar- Nerves & Function
L1-5 -Front of legs -Femoral Nerve
51
Sacral- Nerve & Function
L4-S4 - Back of legs - Sciatic Nerve
52
Sensory Perception
-Brain sorting and making sense of the sensory signals
53
Two parts of the Autonomic Nervous System
1. Sympathetic NS 2. Parasympathetic NS
54
Sympathetic Nervous System
- fight or flight - heightened mental alertness - increased metabolic rate - reduced digestive/urinary function - increased breathing - increased heart rate/BP - sweating
55
Parasympathetic
- rest & digest - decreased metabolic rate - decreased heart rate/BP - increased saliva - stimulation of urinary/digestive

Intro to A&P (14 decks)

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