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Intro to A&P > Week 10 > Flashcards

Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Origin

A

-Where muscles start
-does not move/stays in place

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2
Q

Insertion

A

-Where muscles attach
-part that moves

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3
Q

Tendons

A

used to attach muscles to bones

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4
Q

Ligaments

A

Attaches bone to bone

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5
Q

Prime Mover

A

-main mover of the joint
-ex. bicep

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6
Q

Synergist

A

-Supports the movement
-ex. brachialis/brachioradialis

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7
Q

2 types of muscle contractions

A
  1. isotonic contraction
  2. isometric contraction
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8
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

movement under load

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9
Q

2 types of isotonic contraction

A
  1. concentric
  2. eccentric
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10
Q

Concentric Contraction

A

shortening under load

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11
Q

Eccentric Contraction

A

lengthening under load

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12
Q

isometric contraction

A

-length stays the same
-no movement
-ex. holding a weight still

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13
Q

Exercises after acute injury

A

-Start with ISOMETRIC exercises
-allows you to isolate muscle without putting stress on the joint
-Follow with CONCENTRIC exercises
-easier on muscle
-then, ECCENTRIC exercises

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14
Q

Perimysium

A

-bundles of muscle fibres
-orientation of bundles gives the muscle function

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15
Q

7 Muscle Shapes/Fibre Alignment

A
  1. Circular
  2. Convergent
  3. Unipennate
  4. Bipennate
  5. Multipennate
  6. Parallel (non-fusiform)
  7. Parallel Fusiform
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16
Q

Circular Fibre Alignment

A

-arranged in a circle
-when they contract, they close an opening
- ex. Orbicularis Oris (kissing muscle)

17
Q

Convergent Fibre Alignment

A

-originates over a large area
-inserts at a small point
- ex. pectoralis major

18
Q

Bipennate Fiber Alignment

A

-muscle attaches to both sides of the tendon
-ex. rectus femoris

19
Q

Unipennate Fiber Alignment

A

-muscle attaches to one side of the tendon
-ex. extensor digitorum

20
Q

Multipennate Fiber Alignment

A
  • Muscles attach to 3 sides of tendon
  • ex. deltoid (3 shoulder muscles)
21
Q

Parallel (non-fusiform) Fiber Alignment

A

-most common
-contracts in line with the tendon
- sartorius

22
Q

Parallel fusiform Fiber Alignment

A

-muscle bulges in the middle
- biceps brachii

23
Q

Where do muscles of the face insert?

A

the skin

24
Q

Mastication

A

chewing

25
Q

Prime move for chewing

A

masseter

26
Q

Synergist mover for chewing

A

-temporalis

27
Q

Movements of the shoulder

A
  1. Elevation (up)
  2. Depression (down)
  3. Retraction (back)
  4. Protraction (forward)
28
Q

Parts of trapezius muscle and their movement

A
  1. upper traps: elevate
  2. middle traps: retract
  3. lower traps: depress
29
Q

4 layers of abdominals (superficial to deep)

A
  1. Rectis Abdominis
  2. External Oblique
  3. Internal Oblique
  4. Transverse Abdominous
30
Q

Linea Alba

A

-line of facia in middle of abs
-separates in pregnancy

31
Q

Where do Rectis Abdominis attach?

A

-linea alba

Intro to A&P (14 decks)

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