week 8- Shoulder Flashcards
Which ribs do the scapulae usually override
1-8
Where is the inferior angle located
Inferior.y on the scapulae
Where the medial edge curves and goes superiorly
What type of joint is the shoulder joint
Ball and socket
Where is the acromium located
Anteriorly and laterally on the scapulae
Where is the acromioclavicular joint located
Between clavichord facet on entermomed end of acromium and
Acromial facet at lateral end of clavicle
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint
Synovial
What is the acromioclavicular joint covered by
Hyaline cartilage
What lines the capsule of acromioclavicular joint
Synovial membranes
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint
Synovial selllar
Saddle joint
What is the artcicular surface of the clavicle larger than
Sternum surface
What does the sternoclavicular joint allow
Movement of the clavicle
- upward elevation
- forward and backwards movement
- rotation
Name the ligaments which re in force the sternoclavicular joint
Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
Intercalvicukar lig
Costoclavicular lig
pectorals minor
3rd - 5th ribs near their costal cartilages
I= Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapulae
A= Protraction
Depression
Medial rotation of scapulae
What type of joint is the acromioclavicul joint
Plane, synovial joint
Where does the humoral head sit
Glenoid cavity
Where is the Conoid tubercle
Located on the clavicle
Located quite laterally
Allows conoid ligament to attach to it and coracoid process
Where does the conoid ligament attach
Conoid tubercle (clavicle)
Medially on the Coracoid process
What makes up the coracoclavicular ligament
Conoid and trapezoid ligament
Where does the trapezoid ligament bind
Laterlly and inferior on clavicle to superior part of coracoid process
Where is the acromion located
Curve on superior part of scapulae
What shape is conoid ligament
Triangular
Shape of trapeziod ligament
Square shaped
Where is the medial supracondylar ridge located
The ridge Superior to medial epicondylitis
Where is the capitellum located
Rounded and lateral, inferior on numerous
Cap for round cap
Where is the trochlea located
Infeiorlu and medially square on end of numerous
What makes up the condyle of the humorous
Capitellum
Trochlea
Where is the deltoid tuberosity located
Superior to anterior lateral surface of the numerous
Where is the crest of greater tuberosity located
Laterally and infeiorly of the greater tuberosity
Where is the intertubercular located
Anteriorly and slightly lateriorly on the humorous. Next to lesser and Greater trochanter
Where is the anatomical neck located
Infeirorly and laterally to thr head of the numerous
What type of joint is the scapulothoracic joint and where is it located
Pseudo joint
Between scapula and posterior thorax
What shape is the humoral head
Sphere
Sarrautus anterior
0= Digitations
Upper 8 ribs and anterior intercostal membranes from mid clavicular line
Lower 4interdigitating with external oblique
I= Inner medial border scapula
1-2 upper angle
3-4 length of costal surface
5-8 inferior angle
A= Laterally rotates and protracts
Steadies scapula In initial abduction of scapula
Rhomboidal origin
Minor- nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7 and t1
Major- spinous processes of T2- T5
i=Medial border of scapulae from level of spine to inferior angle
a=Minor- retraction and stabilisation of scapula
Major- retraction and medial rotation to depress glenoid cavity
Trapezious origin
Occiput
Nuchal ligament
Spinous process C7- t12
iLateral 1/3 clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula
a=Elevates, retracts and rotates
Superior fibres elevate
Middle fibres retract
Superior and inferior fibres act together to assist lateral rotation of scapula
What makes up the shoulder cuff
Teres minor- muscle
Supraspinatous tendon
Subscapularis tendon
Infraspinatus tendon
What is located superiorly on the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus
What is located inferiority on shoulder cuff
Teres minor
Where is subscapularis located
Most laterally, end of ball of shoulder
What is the nerve plexus called of the shoulder
Brachial plexus
Name the shallow cavity in the scapulae
Glenoid cavity (for socket head)
What is attached around the Glenoid fossa
Fibrocartilaginous
Fir ours ring
Lined by synovial membrane internally and at the£ to capsule externally
What is the shape if the clavicle
S
Where does the clavicle run
From the manubrium of the sternum laterally to the scapula
Name the facets of the clavicle
Eternal facet
Chromium facet
Where does the eternal end of the facet articulate
First costal cartilage (first rib)
Manubriosternum
Name the joint on the acomium (scapula)
Acromioclavicular joint
Name the synovial saaddle joint between manubrium and clavicle
What does it have
Sternoclavicular joint
Has a fibrocartilginous disc
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint
Plane
Bone on bone
What ligaments run between sternum and clavicle
Sternoclavicular ligaments
Anterior + posterior ^
Where is the interclavicular ligament located
Between clavicle
Runs over jugular notch
What ligaments joins the acromium to the clavicle
What does it support
Acromioclavicular ligament
Acromioclavicular joint
What is the scapula attatched to
Clavicle
Humerous
What edge of the scapula is thicker
Lateral edge
biceps brachii origin and insertion
Long head originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, and the short head originates from the coracoid process of the scapula.
Both heads insert distally into the radial tuberosity and the fascia of the forearm via the bicipital aponeurosis.
a=Supination of the forearm, flexion at the elbow and shoulder.
brachial artery
levator scapulae
transverse proess of C1-C4
i=medial border of scapulae
a=elevatoin of scapulae
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve.
Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery.
trapezis origin
Originates from the skull, nuchal ligament and the spinous processes of C7-T12.
i= fibres attach to the clavicle, acromion, and the scapula spine
a=Abduction of the upper limb at the shoulder (by rotating the scapula).
upper fibres of trapezius elevate the scapula
middle fibres retract,
lower fibres depress.
rhoboid minor
Originates from the spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae.
i= Attaches to the medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine of scapula.
Actions: Retraction and rotation of the scapula.
rhomboid major
Originates from the spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae.
i= Attaches to the medial border of the scapula, between the scapula spine and inferior angle.
Retracts and rotates the scapula.
teres major
Originates from the posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula.
i=It attaches to the medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus.
a=Adduction, extension and medial rotation of the upper limb at the shoulder.
teres minor origin
Originates from the posterior surface of the scapula, adjacent to its lateral border (most lateral)
i=t attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus.
a=lateral rotation of the arm
serratus anerior origin
Upper 8 ribs and anterior intercostal membranes from mid clavicular line. Lower 4 interdigitating with external oblique
i=Inner medial border scapula
1-2 upper angle
3-4 length of costal surface
5-8 inferior angle
a=Laterally Rotates and protracts . Steadies scapula in initial abduction of scapula
what is the labrum
fibrous cartilage tht surrounds socket
makes it more stable, more support
deepens socket
name the joints of hsoulder girlde
Sternoclavicular joint
* Acromioclavicular joint
* Glenohumeral joint( Shoulder joint)
* Scapulo-thoracic joint
movements of sternoclavicular joint
Elevation, depression of shoulders
* Protraction and retraction ofshoulders
* Some rotation
scapulo thoracic jint movements
Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation
movements of shoulder girdle
Elevation* Depression* Protraction* Retraction* Medial rotation* Lateral rotation
which ,uscles allow flexion of shoulder
*Pectoralis major
*Deltoid (anterior fibres)
*Coracobrachialis
*Biceps brachii
coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process of scapula
i= passes through the axilla and attaches the medial aspect of the humerus shaft (at the level of the deltoid tubercle).
a=Flexion of the arm at the shoulder. It is also a weak adductor at the shoulder.
blood supply= Brachial artery.
extensors of shoulder
*Deltoid (posteriorfibres)
Teres major
From fully flexed position
*Latissimus dorsi
*Pectoralis major(sternocostal part)
deltoid origin
Originates from the lateral third of the clavicle
, the acromion and the
spine of the scapula.
i= deltoid tuberosity on the lateral aspect of the humerus.
a=Anterior fibres – flexion and medial rotation at the shoulder
Posterior fibres – extension and lateral rotation at the shoulder
Middle fibres – abduction at the shoulder (takes over from the supraspinatus, which abducts the first 15 degrees).
abductors of shoulder
0° - 15° - Supraspinatus*15°-90° -
Deltoid* 90° -180°- TrapeziusSerratus anterior
adductors of shoulder
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsiTeres major
*Deltoid (anterior and posteriorfibres
medial rotators
Pectoralis major
Deltoid (anterior fibres)
Latissimus dor
lateral rotators
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
what does painful arc syndrome affec
Chronic thickening of rotator cuff
Impingement and pain between 60° to 120° abduction
Supraspinatus origin and insertion
Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerous
Infraspinatus origin and insertion
Origin: infraspanatus fossa
Insertion: tuberosity of humerous
Subscapularis origin and insertion
Origin: Subscapularis fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerous
Teres minor origin and insertion
Origin: posterior surface of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerous
What is axis of motion of internal rotation , arm bent 90 tucked into side
70
What is axis of motion of external rotation, arm bent 90
60
What is axis of motion of abduction
160
What is axis of motion of addiction from anatomical position
20-40
What is range of movement, from side straight arm, posteriorly
40-50
What is range of movement, from side straight arm, anteriorly
130-160
What is range of movement, from anatomical position, superior extension of straightened arm
150-170
What is range of movement, from anatomical position, posteiroly extension of straightened arm
40
What is the external rotation (Up) of a 90 degree flexed arm
90
What is the internal rotation degree from an arm 90 degree flexed (down)
70
