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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > Week 11- Gross Anatomy > Flashcards

Week 11- Gross Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Name organs of abdomen

A

Kidneys
Intestines
Stomach
Bladder
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Liver
Spleen

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2
Q

What does the peritoneal cavity freely communicate with

A

Pelvic cavity

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3
Q

Functions of abdomen

A

Houses and protects major viscera
-assist in breathing (contraction of diaphragm. Relaxation of abdominal muscles)
-changes in abdominal pressure (contraction)

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4
Q

What does the abdominal wall consist of

A

Partly bone
Mainly muscle

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5
Q

External oblique origin

A

Outer surfaces of lower 8 ribs.

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6
Q

External oblique insertion

A

Lateral lip of iliac crest
Linea albr

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7
Q

External oblique innervation

A

Anterior rami of Lower 6 thoracic nail nerves
T7-T12

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8
Q

External oblique function

A

Compress abdominal contents
H muscles flex trunk, bending trunk to same side
Turning anterior part of abdomen to opposite side 9rotation)

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9
Q

Interal oblique origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest between orgins of external and transversus
Lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament

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10
Q

Interal oblique insertion

A

Inferior border of lower 3/4 ribs
Aponeurosis ending in LINEA ALBA, pubic crest, Pectineal line

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11
Q

Interal oblique innervation

A

Anterior Rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal nerves
T7-12 , L1

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12
Q

Interal oblique function

A

Compress abdominal contents
Both muscles flex trunk
Each muscle bends trunks and turns anterior part of abdomen same side

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13
Q

Transverse abdominis origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia
Medial lip of iliac crest
Lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament
Costal cartilages and lower 6 ribs

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14
Q

Transverse abdominis insertion

A

Aponeurosis ending in LINEA ALBA
PUBIC CREST
PECTINEAL LINE

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15
Q

Transverse abdominis inervation

A

Anterior rami of lower 6 spinal nerves
T7-T12 L1

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16
Q

Transverse abdominis function

A

Compress abdominal contents

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17
Q

Rectus abdominis origin

A

Pubic crest
P[ubic tubercle
Pubic symphysis

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18
Q

Rectus abdominis insertion

A

Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
Xiphoid process

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19
Q

Rectus abdominis innervation

A

Anterior rami or loader 7 thoracic spinal nerves
T7-T12

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20
Q

Rectus abdominis FUNCTION

A

Compress abdominal contents
Flex vertabral column
Tense abdominal wall

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21
Q

Where is the horizontal plane located

A

Between jugular notch and symphysis pubis

L1 vertebra

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22
Q

List structures in hortizontal plane

A

Pylorus of stomach
Fundus of gall bladder
Neck of pancreas
Hilium of spleen

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23
Q

What plane lies at L5

A

Transtubercular plane

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24
Q

How many quadrants are in the abdominal

A

9

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25
Q

List quadrants on right

A

Right hyperchondrium (rib 12 upwards)
Right flank (till hip)
Right groin (pubic region downwards)

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26
Q

List middle quadrants

A

Epigastric region (rib 12 and up from interchondral cartilage)
Umbilical region (Belly button)
Pubic region (waist down)

27
Q

List left quadrant regions

A

Left hypochondrium (rib 12 and up)
Left flank (rib 12- iliac crest)
Left groin( wait and down. Pubic are)

28
Q

Location of cardia

A

Where abdominal esophagus pipe meets stomach.

29
Q

Small intestine function

A

-majority of absorption Of nutrients and minerals from food here
-extends from pyloric orfice to ileocecal fold

30
Q

Location and function of large intestine

A

-extends from distal end of ileum and anus
-absorbs fluids and salt from gut content forming faeces
-consists of cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal

31
Q

Functions of liver

A

-filter blood coming from digestive tract, before passing it to rest of body
-bile production and excretion
-metabolism of fats, proteins, carbs
-storage of glycogen, vitamins and minerals
-synthesis of clotting factors

32
Q

Which side is the liver located

A

Right hand side

33
Q

Function of PORTA HEPATIS

A

Serves as point of entry to liver for hepatic arteries and portal vein
-exit points of hepatic ducts

34
Q

Gall bladder location and function

A

-pear shaped sac lying on visceral surface of right lobe of liver
-store and conc bile (bile breakdown)
-control flow of bile into small intestine

35
Q

Pancreas locations and parts

A

Extends from duodenum to spleen
-head, neck, body, tail, UCINATE PROCESS

36
Q

Functions of pancreas

A

EXOCRINE- produce enxymes important for digestion
(Trypsin, chymotrypsin to digest proteins, amylase for carbs, lipase for fats)

ENDOCRINE- maintains proper blood sugar level
(Insulin, lower blood sugar, glucagon, raise blood sugar)

37
Q

Where is the spleen located

A

Below left diaphragm
Underneath, 9,10,11 ribs
In contact with tail of pancreas

38
Q

Functions of spleen

A

-fights invading germs in blood (immunity)
-controls level of blood cells (wbc,rbc, platelets)
-filters blood
-removes old/ damaged rbc

39
Q

Location of kidneys

A

Bean shaped structures in posterior abdominal wall

40
Q

Function of kidneys

A

-controlling water, electrolytes balance
-remove toxins and waste friom body
-control bp

41
Q

Portal vein functions

A

Moves blood from spleen and gastrointestinal tract to liver

42
Q

Name lobes of liver

A

Right lobe
Left lobe

43
Q

What is located most superior on gall bladder
What follows

A

Fundus
Body
Neck
Cystic duct
Haptic duct
Common bile duct

44
Q

What muscles innervation at lower 6 thoracic spinal nerves
T7-12
What muscle innervateslower 7 thoracic spinal nerves

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominal

Rectus abdominus

45
Q

What is located inferior on right lobe of the liver

A

Gall bladder, central and inferior

46
Q

What separates the lobes of the liver

A

Falciform ligament

47
Q

Where is the midcalvicular plane

A

Central plane consisting of epigastric region
Umbilical region
Pubic region.

48
Q

Where is the subcostal plane

A

Inferior border of 10th costal cartilage, L2

49
Q

Where is the transplyoric plane

A

Inferior border of 10th costal cartilage L2

50
Q

Where is transtubercular plane

A

Iliac tubercles
L5

51
Q

Name parts of small intestine in order

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

52
Q

What is the highest organ in right region

A

Spleen

53
Q

What is the first part of the stomach

A

Cardia

54
Q

What is in the fundus

A

Gases

55
Q

where is the fundus located

A

Upper region of stomach
Upper arch

56
Q

What is the main section of the stomach called

A

Body

57
Q

From pyloric sphincter, what follows

A

Duodenum

58
Q

What organ sits in the c shaped curve of small intestine

A

Pancreas

59
Q

What is the term of how large intestine contracts

A

Peristalsis

60
Q

Digestive tract organs

A

Esophagus
Stomach (duodenum)
Small intestine
Large intestine (colon)
Rectum

61
Q

Order of urinary system

A

Kidney
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra

62
Q

what is lateral to and superior to the stomach

A

Spleen

63
Q

What ‘pipe’ goes into stomach

A

Abdominal esophagus

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (15 decks)

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