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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > week 10- Wrist > Flashcards

week 10- Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

How many phalanges are there

A

14
Proximal
Middle
Distal

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2
Q

How many metacarpals are there

A

5

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3
Q

How many carpals are there

A

4- distal caprals
4- proximal carpals

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4
Q

How many sesamoids are there

A

2

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5
Q

List the joints of the hand

A

Radio-carpal joint
Inter-carpal joint
Mid-carpal joint
Carpalmetacarpal joint

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6
Q

List nerves of wrist and hand

A

Ulna nerve
Median nerve
Radial nerve

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7
Q

Blood supply

A

Ulna and radial artery form superficial and deep palmar arches

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8
Q

Scaphoid location

A

Most lateral and inferior bone of the hand

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9
Q

Lunate bone location

A

Located between scaphoid and pisiform
Centrally and inferior of the hand

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10
Q

Pisiform bone location

A

Medially and infeiorly on hand
Small bone
Next to triquetrum( inferior and medial to)
Next to lunate

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11
Q

Triquetrum bone location

A

Laterally and superior to pisiform

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12
Q

Trapezium bone location

A

Trapezius shaped
Distal yo scaphoid

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13
Q

Trapezoid bone location

A

Lateral to trapezium
Distal to scaphoid

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14
Q

Capitate bone location

A

Larger bone
Central, distal to lunate and some of scaphoid
Medially is trapezoid
Laterally is hamate

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15
Q

Hamate bone location

A

Distal to triquetrum
Most Lateral and distal bone

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16
Q

Distal transverse crease location

A

Inferior to metacarpals, the line that is transverse across the hand

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17
Q

Proximal transverse crease location

A

Inferior to distal transverse crease, line that curves proximally

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18
Q

Middle crease location

A

Inferior to proximal transverse crease
Medial to thenar crease

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19
Q

Radio carpal joint type

A

Synovial
Condyloid

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20
Q

Wrist Flexors

A
  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Pronator quadratus
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21
Q

how do you find the palamaris longus tendon

A

extend your hand in front of you, anterior and palmar aspect facing up
flex your hand, examine your wrist
the raised ridge that runs centrally on the wrist is the PALAMARIS LONGUS TENDON

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22
Q

superficial wrist extensors

A
  • Brachioradialis
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis* Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor digiti minimi
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Anconeus
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23
Q

deep wrist extensors

A
  • Supinator
  • Abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor pollicis brevis
  • Extensor pollicis longus
  • Extensor indicis
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24
Q

proximal articulating surfaces of the radiocarpal (wrist) joiunt

A

distal end of the radius,the articular disk

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25
Q

distal articulating surfaces of the radiocarpal (wrist) joint

A

Distally: Scaphoid, Lunate and Triquetrum (except Pisiform)

  • The Ulna is NOT a part of the wrist joint
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26
Q

ligaments of radiocarpal joint

A

Palmar radiocarpal ligament
* Dorsal radiocarpal ligament
* Ulnar Collateral ligaments
Radial Collateral ligaments

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27
Q

which ligament of the wrist is most medial

A

ulnar collateral ligamnent

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28
Q

which ligament of the wrist is most lateral

A

radial collateral ligament

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29
Q

movements of radiocarpal joint

A

Flexion
* Extension
* Abduction / Radial Deviation
* Adduction / Ulnar deviation

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30
Q

why can the hand be adducted to a greater degree

A

Because the radial styloid process extends further distally than does theulnar styloid process, the hand can be adducted to a greater degree than itcan be abducted

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31
Q

ulnar nerve location

A

most mefial

descends on the medial aspect of the forearm, over the flexor digitorum profundus muscle

deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.

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32
Q

median nerve location

A

derived from the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus

Innervates the flexor and pronator muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm

Also supplies innervation to the thenar muscles and lateral two lumbricals in the hand.

(tip of thumb, index, third and half ring finger dorsl view

thumb, index, third and half ring finger palmar view)

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33
Q

radial nerve location

A

most lateral
(palmar view from proximal phalange to metacarpal body

dorsal view, thumb, first and second middle phalange)

origin: axillary region. descends posterior surface of humorous. passes through cubital fossa and terminates in posterior compartment of forearm

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34
Q

Where do wrist flexors originate

A

Medial epicondyles

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35
Q

Name phrase to learn hand bones

A

Some
Lovers
Try
Positions
That
They
Can’t
Handle

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36
Q

Using a phrase, list carpals

A

Some- scaphoid
Lovers- lunate
Try- triquetreum
Positions- pisiform
That- trapezium
They- trapezoid
Can’t- capitate
Handle- hamate

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37
Q

Which side are flexor muscles located

A

Palm up

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38
Q

Which side are extensor muscles located

A

Palm down

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39
Q

Where do pollicis muscles go to

A

Thumb

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40
Q

Where do indicis go to

A

Index finger

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41
Q

Where do minimi muscles go

A

Little finger

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42
Q

Movements of digits of hand

A

Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction
Thumb flexion
Thumb extension
Palmer adduction
Palmer abduction of thumb
Opposition of thumb and fingers

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43
Q

What does the first metacarsal articulate with

A

Trapezium

44
Q

What is scaphoid between

A

Trapezium and radius

45
Q

What does the capitate articulate with

A

Third metacarpal

46
Q

Origin of flexor carpi radialis

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerous

47
Q

Insertion of flexor carpi radialis

A

Trapezium
2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone

48
Q

Action of flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexion

49
Q

Origin of palamaris longus

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerous

50
Q

Palamaris longus insertion

A

Flexor rectinaculum

51
Q

Action of palamaris longus

A

Flexion

52
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerous

53
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

Pisiform
Hook of hamate
Base of 5th metacarpal

54
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

Flexion
Adduction

55
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerous
Olecranon

56
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

Crosses forearm
Base of 5th metacarpal

57
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

Extension

58
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerous
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerous

59
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

Base of 2nd metacarpal

60
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

Supination
Pronation
Radial/ulnar deviation
Elbow flexion / extension
Wrist flexion / extension

61
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerous

62
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

Base of 3rd metacarpal

63
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint

64
Q

Flexor digitorum suoerficialis origin

A

Medial epicondyle
Coronoid process of ulna

65
Q

Flexor digitorum suoerficialis insertion

A

Sides of middle phalanges 2-3

66
Q

Flexor digitorum suoerficialis action

A

Finger flexion

67
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus origin

A

Proximal 1/2 anterior surface of ulna
Interaseous membrane

68
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion

A

Palmar surfaces of distal phalanges 2-5

69
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

2-5 finger flexiom

70
Q

What does the ulna articulate with

A

Lunate

71
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis origin

A

he ECRL originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, while the ECRB originates from the lateral epicondyle.

72
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis insertion

A

he ECRL originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, while the ECRB originates from the lateral epicondyle.

73
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis action

A

extend and abducts the wrist

74
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis innervatio

A

radial nerve

75
Q

extensor digitorum origin

A

Originates from the lateral epicondyle.

76
Q

extensor digitorum insertion

A

The tendon continues into in the distal part of the forearm, where it splits into four, and inserts into the extensor hood of each finger.

77
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

Extension of the digits at the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints.

78
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

radial nerve

79
Q

extensor digit mini

A

Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

80
Q

extensor digit mini insertion

A

It attaches, with the extensor digitorum tendon, into the extensor hood of the little finger.

81
Q

extensor digit mini action

A

Extends the little finger, and contributes to extension at the wrist.

82
Q

extensor digit mini innervation

A

Radial nerve (deep branch).

83
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus,

84
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

attaches to the base of metacarpal V.

85
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

Extension and adduction of wrist.

86
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

Radial nerve (deep branch).

87
Q

aconeus origin

A

lateral epicondyle

88
Q

aconeus insertion

A

posterior and lateral part of the olecranon.

89
Q

aconeus action

A

Extends and stabilises the elbow joint. Abducts the ulna during pronation of the forearm.

90
Q

aconeus innervation

A

Radial nerve (very small muscle)

91
Q

brachioradialis origin

A

proximal aspect of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus,

92
Q

brachioradialis insertion

A

and attaches to the distal end of the radius, just before the radial styloid process.

93
Q

brachioradialis actions

A

: Flexes at the elbow.

94
Q

brachioradialis innervation

A

radial nerve

95
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Attachments:
The humeral head originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus with the other superficial flexors,
the ulnar head originates from the olecranon of the ulna.

insertion: The muscle tendon passes into the wrist and attaches to the pisiform bone, hook of hamate, and base of the 5th metacarpal

Actions: Flexion and adduction at the wrist.

Innervation: Ulnar nerve.

96
Q

palmaris longus

A

Palmaris Longus

This muscle is absent in about 15% of the population.

Attachments: Originates from the medial epicondyle, attaches to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist.
Actions: Flexion at the wrist.
Innervation: Median nerve.

97
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Attachments: Originates from the medial epicondyle, attaches to the base of metacarpals II and III.
Actions: Flexion and abduction at the wrist.
Innervation: Median nerve.

98
Q

pronator teres

A

Pronator Teres

The lateral border of the pronator teres forms the medial border of the cubital fossa, an anatomical triangle located over the elbow.

Attachments: It has two origins, one from the medial epicondyle, and the other from the coronoid process of the ulna. It attaches laterally to the mid-shaft of the radius.
Actions: Pronation of the forearm.
Innervation: Median nerve.

99
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT

Attachments: It has two heads – one originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, the other from the radius. The muscle splits into four tendons at the wrist, which travel through the carpal tunnel, and attach to the base of the middle phalanx of the four digits.
Actions: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers, and flexes at the wrist.
Innervation: Median nerve.

100
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus DEEP

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Attachments: Originates from the ulna and associated interosseous membrane. At the wrist, it splits into four tendons, that pass through the carpal tunnel and attach to the distal phalanges of the four fingers.
Actions: It is the only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers. It also flexes at metacarpophalangeal joints and at the wrist.
Innervation: The medial half (acts on the little and ring fingers) is innervated by the ulnar nerve. The lateral half (acts on the middle and index fingers) is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve.

101
Q

Flexor pollicis longus DEEP

A

Flexor Pollicis Longus

This muscle lies laterally to the flexor digitorum profundus

Attachments: Originates from the anterior surface of the radius and surrounding interosseous membrane. Attaches to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb.
Actions: Flexes the interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.
Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch).

102
Q

pronator quadratus

A

Pronator Quadratus

A square shaped muscle found deep to the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus.

Attachments: Originates from the anterior surface of the ulna and attaches to the anterior surface of the radius.
Actions: Pronates the forearm.
Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch).

103
Q

name superficial muscles of aterior forearm

A

flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, pronator teres.

104
Q

name intermediate muscles of aterior forearm

A

: flexor digitorum superficialis

105
Q

name deep muscles of aterior forearm

A

flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus

106
Q

what movements does the radiocarpal joint allow

A

includes flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction of the wrist

107
Q

NMe muscles of wrist using pass fail pass fail

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmar is longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (15 decks)

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