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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > week 6- foot and ankle > Flashcards

week 6- foot and ankle Flashcards

1
Q

where is the medial malleolus located

A

on the tibia, inferiorly and medially it is a lump (ankle)

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2
Q

where is the lateral malleolus located

A

laterally and inferiorly on the fibula. ankle bump

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3
Q

name the heel bone

A

calcaneus

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4
Q

what type of joint is the ankle

A

hinge joint

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5
Q

what typee of movement does the hinge ankle joint allow

A

dorsi flexion
plantar flexion
inversion
eversion

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6
Q
A
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7
Q

Where does the Achilles tendon insert

A

Calcaneus bone

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8
Q

What does the tibia articulate with in the ankle

A

Tailless

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9
Q

What bones for the ankle hing joiny

A

Tibia
Tailless

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10
Q

Describe eversion

A

Rotating foot down and in, lateral ankle moves up

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11
Q

Name the bone anterior to the talus

A

Navicular

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12
Q

Where is cuboid bone located

A

Laterally on the foot next to the cuneiforms

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13
Q

How many cuneiform bones are there

A

3

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14
Q

Name the cuneiform bones

A

Cuneiform 1 /2/3

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15
Q

What is located on the navicular bone

A

Tuberosity , laterally on the lateral side on the foot

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16
Q

What is on the cuboid bone

A

Tuberosity

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17
Q

What are attached to the metatarsals

A

Phalanges

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18
Q

How many arches are in the foot

A

3

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19
Q

What is the highest arch of the foot

A

Medial longtitudinal arch

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20
Q

Name the 3 arches of the foot

A

Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch, laterally on middle of foot
Transverse arch (under metatarsals)

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21
Q

What is the importance of the foot arches

A

Slow the rate in which the force is transferred from the foot into the ground
- shock absorb
- allows energy to be returned to foot (efficiency of movement)

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22
Q

Name the joints in the foot

A

Tibiotalar joint
Subtalar joint

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23
Q

Describe the tibiotalar joint

A

Articulation of tibia and talus
Mortis joint
Flexion - dorsi and plantat

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24
Q

Describe the subtalar joint

A

Articulation of Talus and Calcaneus
Synovial plane joint
Inversion and eversion

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25
Q

What ligaments prevent over movement of ankle joints

A

Anterior talofibular ligament
Posterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneifibular ligament
Deltoid ligament

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26
Q

Where is the anterior talofibular ligament located

A

Anteriorly on the foot, connecting talus to fibular

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27
Q

Function of anterior talofibular ligament

A

resists anterior translation of foot on tibia
Resists inversion in plantar Flexion

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28
Q

Function of posterior talofibular ligament and location

A

posterior on talus to fibular
Prevents posterior translation of foot on tibia
Prevents rotatory subluxation of talus

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29
Q

Function and location of calcaneofibular ligament

A

Calcaneus to fibular (on side of foot medially)
Limit inversion in neutral or dorsi Flexion

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30
Q

Function and location of CFL

A

joins calcaneus to fibular medially
Limits inversion in neutral or dorsi Flexion

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31
Q

DL function and location

A

Made of ligaments on medial part of ankle medial maleolus, tibia, navicular
Limit eversion

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32
Q

Where is the tibialis anterior located

A

In front of tibia

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33
Q

Where is the extensor digitorum longis located

A

Straight down the front of the leg and into each toe

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34
Q

Where is the extensor halleckis longis located

A

Running deeper on anterior part of the leg to the big toe from shin

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35
Q

Where is the fibularis longus located

A

Laterally on the leg, from patella to shin height

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36
Q

Where is the fibularis brevis located

A

Below the fibularis longus , to the ankle. It has a long tendon that runs down to the foot

37
Q

Where is the gastrocnemius located

A

On the posterior part of the leg from patella down, it has 2 muscle bellies

38
Q

What muscle is deep to the gastronemius

A

Soleus

39
Q

Where is the tibialis posterior located

A

Deep posteriorly behind tibia, behind soleus

40
Q

Where is the flexor hallucus longus located

A

Deep behind bottom of soleus, posteriorly

41
Q

Where is the flexor digitorum longus located

A

Laterally and deep on the lower leg

42
Q

Name the muscles causing plantar flexion

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Tibialis posterior

43
Q

What muscle causes Dorsi flexion

A

Tibialis anterior

44
Q

What muscles cause inversion

A

Tibialis anterior and posterior
Exttensor hallucis longus

45
Q

What muscles cause version

A

Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevus
Peroneus tertius

46
Q

Where is the calcaneal/ Achilles tendon located

A

Above calcaneus

47
Q

What type of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

Ball and socket

48
Q

Where is the talocalcaneonavicular located

A

Between the navicular, calcaneus and navicular bones

49
Q

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint

A

Saddle joint

50
Q

Where is the calcaneocuboid joint located

A

Between anterior surface of calcaneus and post surface of the cuboid

51
Q

What ligaments support the talocaneonavicular joint

A

Talonavicular ligament- between neck of talus and navicular bone, on top of foot.
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament- runs from anterior talus to surface of navicular bone, more medial.

52
Q

What ligaments support the calcaneocuboid joint

A

Bifurcated ligament-
Short plantar ligament- medial and shorter than long.
Long plantar ligament- laterally across cuboid and joints to metatarsal/cuneiform joins to calcaneus.

53
Q

What type of joint is the tasrometatarsal joint

A

Plane synovial joint

54
Q

Where is the tasrometatarsal joint located

A

Joins tarsal bones to metatarsal bones

55
Q

What type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal joint

A

Condyloid synovial joint

56
Q

Where is the metatarsophalangeal located

A

Between heads of metatarsals and bottom of proximal phalanges

57
Q

What type of joint is the interphalangeal joint

A

Synovial hinge joint

58
Q

Where are interphalangeal joints located

A

Between consecutive phalanges of the foot, 2 on each toe, 1 on big toe

59
Q

Name the types of phalanx

A

Proximal phalanx
Middle
Distal

60
Q

What ligaments support the inferior tibiofibular joint

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament
Posterior tibiofibular ligament

61
Q

List the ligaments of the talocrural joint

A

Joint capsule
Medial collateral ligament
Lateral ligament

62
Q

Describe the structure of the joint capsule

A

-envelopes the joint
-thin anteriorly and posteriorly
-thick on sides
-blend with collateral ligament

63
Q

Name the arteries of the foot

A

Dorsalis pedis (continuation of anterior tibial artery)
Posterior tibial

64
Q

Where can we palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse

A

In the first intermetatarsal space, lateral to the extensor tendon of the great toe.

65
Q

Where can we palpate the posterior tibial artery

A

Posterior to the medial mellolus

66
Q

name the plantar flexors

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

67
Q

name the dorsi flexors

A

tibialis anterior

68
Q

name the invertors

A

tibialis anterior and posterior
extensor hallucis longus

69
Q

name the extensors

A

peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
peroneus Tertius

70
Q

What ligaments restrict Eversion

A

Deltoid ligaments
Anterior and posterior tibiotalar ligaments
Tibionavicular ligament
Tibiocalcaneal ligament

71
Q

What ligaments restrict inversion

A

Anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments
Calcaneofibular ligament

72
Q

Name thr 2 ankle joints

A

Talocrural joint
Subtalar joint

73
Q

What does the subtalar joint allow

A

Eversion
Inversion

74
Q

What does the talocrural joint allow

A

Dorsi flexion
Plantar flexion

75
Q

Origin of extensor Hallicus longus

A

Anteriomedial aspect of tibia

76
Q

Insertion of extensor Hallicus longus

A

Are of distal phalanx of big toe

77
Q

Origin of Tibialis anterior

A

Distal one third of tibia

78
Q

Insertion of Tibialis anterior

A

Medial cuneiform on base of foot
Base of first metatarsal

79
Q

Extensor digitorum longus origin

A

Inferior part of lateral tibial condoyle

80
Q

Extensor digitorum longus insertion

A

Second and third phalanges of the four lesser toes

81
Q

Name the 3 lateral ligaments

A

Anterior talofibular ligament
Posterior talofibular ligament
Calcaneofibular ligament

ALL FIBULAR

82
Q

name the 4 medial collateral ligaments

A

Anterior tibiotalar ligament
Posterior tibiotalar ligament
Tibionavicular ligament
Tibiocalcaneal ligament

83
Q

Name the ligamentous structure running between shafts of the tibia and fibula

A

Cruciate ligament

84
Q

What is the insertion of thr Tibialis anterior

A

Medial cuneiform of head of fifth metatarsal

85
Q

The anterior compartment of the leg is innervated by what?

A

Deep perineal (fibular) nerve

86
Q

Name the joint formed between lower leg and foot

A

Talocrural joint

87
Q

What joint allows inversion and Eversion.

A

Subtalar joint

88
Q

does the Tibialis anterior plantar flex?

A

No it helps with Dorsi flexion and inversion

89
Q

Function of Tibialis posterior

A

Plantar flexion
Inversion

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (15 decks)

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