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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > week 6- foot and ankle > Flashcards

week 6- foot and ankle Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

where is the medial malleolus located

A

on the tibia, inferiorly and medially it is a lump (ankle)

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2
Q

where is the lateral malleolus located

A

laterally and inferiorly on the fibula. ankle bump

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3
Q

name the heel bone

A

calcaneus

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4
Q

what type of joint is the ankle

A

hinge joint

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5
Q

what typee of movement does the hinge ankle joint allow

A

dorsi flexion
plantar flexion
inversion
eversion

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6
Q
A
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7
Q

Where does the Achilles tendon insert

A

Calcaneus bone

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8
Q

What does the tibia articulate with in the ankle

A

Tailless

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9
Q

What bones for the ankle hing joiny

A

Tibia
Tailless

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10
Q

Describe eversion

A

Rotating foot down and in, lateral ankle moves up

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11
Q

Name the bone anterior to the talus

A

Navicular

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12
Q

Where is cuboid bone located

A

Laterally on the foot next to the cuneiforms

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13
Q

How many cuneiform bones are there

A

3

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14
Q

Name the cuneiform bones

A

Cuneiform 1 /2/3

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15
Q

What is located on the navicular bone

A

Tuberosity , laterally on the lateral side on the foot

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16
Q

What is on the cuboid bone

A

Tuberosity

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17
Q

What are attached to the metatarsals

A

Phalanges

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18
Q

How many arches are in the foot

A

3

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19
Q

What is the highest arch of the foot

A

Medial longtitudinal arch

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20
Q

Name the 3 arches of the foot

A

Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch, laterally on middle of foot
Transverse arch (under metatarsals)

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21
Q

What is the importance of the foot arches

A

Slow the rate in which the force is transferred from the foot into the ground
- shock absorb
- allows energy to be returned to foot (efficiency of movement)

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22
Q

Name the joints in the foot

A

Tibiotalar joint
Subtalar joint

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23
Q

Describe the tibiotalar joint

A

Articulation of tibia and talus
Mortis joint
Flexion - dorsi and plantat

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24
Q

Describe the subtalar joint

A

Articulation of Talus and Calcaneus
Synovial plane joint
Inversion and eversion

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25
What ligaments prevent over movement of ankle joints
Anterior talofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament Calcaneifibular ligament Deltoid ligament
26
Where is the anterior talofibular ligament located
Anteriorly on the foot, connecting talus to fibular
27
Function of anterior talofibular ligament
resists anterior translation of foot on tibia Resists inversion in plantar Flexion
28
Function of posterior talofibular ligament and location
posterior on talus to fibular Prevents posterior translation of foot on tibia Prevents rotatory subluxation of talus
29
Function and location of calcaneofibular ligament
Calcaneus to fibular (on side of foot medially) Limit inversion in neutral or dorsi Flexion
30
Function and location of CFL
joins calcaneus to fibular medially Limits inversion in neutral or dorsi Flexion
31
DL function and location
Made of ligaments on medial part of ankle medial maleolus, tibia, navicular Limit eversion
32
Where is the tibialis anterior located
In front of tibia
33
Where is the extensor digitorum longis located
Straight down the front of the leg and into each toe
34
Where is the extensor halleckis longis located
Running deeper on anterior part of the leg to the big toe from shin
35
Where is the fibularis longus located
Laterally on the leg, from patella to shin height
36
Where is the fibularis brevis located
Below the fibularis longus , to the ankle. It has a long tendon that runs down to the foot
37
Where is the gastrocnemius located
On the posterior part of the leg from patella down, it has 2 muscle bellies
38
What muscle is deep to the gastronemius
Soleus
39
Where is the tibialis posterior located
Deep posteriorly behind tibia, behind soleus
40
Where is the flexor hallucus longus located
Deep behind bottom of soleus, posteriorly
41
Where is the flexor digitorum longus located
Laterally and deep on the lower leg
42
Name the muscles causing plantar flexion
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Tibialis posterior
43
What muscle causes Dorsi flexion
Tibialis anterior
44
What muscles cause inversion
Tibialis anterior and posterior Exttensor hallucis longus
45
What muscles cause version
Peroneus longus Peroneus brevus Peroneus tertius
46
Where is the calcaneal/ Achilles tendon located
Above calcaneus
47
What type of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Ball and socket
48
Where is the talocalcaneonavicular located
Between the navicular, calcaneus and navicular bones
49
What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint
Saddle joint
50
Where is the calcaneocuboid joint located
Between anterior surface of calcaneus and post surface of the cuboid
51
What ligaments support the talocaneonavicular joint
Talonavicular ligament- between neck of talus and navicular bone, on top of foot. Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament- runs from anterior talus to surface of navicular bone, more medial.
52
What ligaments support the calcaneocuboid joint
Bifurcated ligament- Short plantar ligament- medial and shorter than long. Long plantar ligament- laterally across cuboid and joints to metatarsal/cuneiform joins to calcaneus.
53
What type of joint is the tasrometatarsal joint
Plane synovial joint
54
Where is the tasrometatarsal joint located
Joins tarsal bones to metatarsal bones
55
What type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal joint
Condyloid synovial joint
56
Where is the metatarsophalangeal located
Between heads of metatarsals and bottom of proximal phalanges
57
What type of joint is the interphalangeal joint
Synovial hinge joint
58
Where are interphalangeal joints located
Between consecutive phalanges of the foot, 2 on each toe, 1 on big toe
59
Name the types of phalanx
Proximal phalanx Middle Distal
60
What ligaments support the inferior tibiofibular joint
Anterior tibiofibular ligament Posterior tibiofibular ligament
61
List the ligaments of the talocrural joint
Joint capsule Medial collateral ligament Lateral ligament
62
Describe the structure of the joint capsule
-envelopes the joint -thin anteriorly and posteriorly -thick on sides -blend with collateral ligament
63
Name the arteries of the foot
Dorsalis pedis (continuation of anterior tibial artery) Posterior tibial
64
Where can we palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse
In the first intermetatarsal space, lateral to the extensor tendon of the great toe.
65
Where can we palpate the posterior tibial artery
Posterior to the medial mellolus
66
name the plantar flexors
gastrocnemius soleus plantaris
67
name the dorsi flexors
tibialis anterior
68
name the invertors
tibialis anterior and posterior extensor hallucis longus
69
name the extensors
peroneus longus peroneus brevis peroneus Tertius
70
What ligaments restrict Eversion
Deltoid ligaments Anterior and posterior tibiotalar ligaments Tibionavicular ligament Tibiocalcaneal ligament
71
What ligaments restrict inversion
Anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments Calcaneofibular ligament
72
Name thr 2 ankle joints
Talocrural joint Subtalar joint
73
What does the subtalar joint allow
Eversion Inversion
74
What does the talocrural joint allow
Dorsi flexion Plantar flexion
75
Origin of extensor Hallicus longus
Anteriomedial aspect of tibia
76
Insertion of extensor Hallicus longus
Are of distal phalanx of big toe
77
Origin of Tibialis anterior
Distal one third of tibia
78
Insertion of Tibialis anterior
Medial cuneiform on base of foot Base of first metatarsal
79
Extensor digitorum longus origin
Inferior part of lateral tibial condoyle
80
Extensor digitorum longus insertion
Second and third phalanges of the four lesser toes
81
Name the 3 lateral ligaments
Anterior talofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament ALL FIBULAR
82
name the 4 medial collateral ligaments
Anterior tibiotalar ligament Posterior tibiotalar ligament Tibionavicular ligament Tibiocalcaneal ligament
83
Name the ligamentous structure running between shafts of the tibia and fibula
Cruciate ligament
84
What is the insertion of thr Tibialis anterior
Medial cuneiform of head of fifth metatarsal
85
The anterior compartment of the leg is innervated by what?
Deep perineal (fibular) nerve
86
Name the joint formed between lower leg and foot
Talocrural joint
87
What joint allows inversion and Eversion.
Subtalar joint
88
does the Tibialis anterior plantar flex?
No it helps with Dorsi flexion and inversion
89
Function of Tibialis posterior
Plantar flexion Inversion

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (16 decks)

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