Week 8/Chapter 8 Flashcards
Autobiographical Memory
Memory for specific experiences from our life - episodic and semantic.
Reminiscence Bump
The enhanced memory for adolescence and young adulthood found in people over 40.
Self-Image Hypothesis
Memory is enhanced for events that occur as a person’s self-image or life identity is being formed.
Cognitive Hypothesis
Periods of rapid change that are followed by stability cause stronger encoding of memories.
Cultural Life Script Hypothesis
Distinguishes between a person’s life story and a cultural life script.
Cultural Life Script
Culturally expected events that occur at a particular time in the life span.
Youth Bias
The tendency for the most notable public events in a person’s life to be perceived to occur when the person is young.
Flashbulb Memory
A person’s memory for the circumstances surrounding shocking, highly charged events.
Narrative Rehearsal Hypothesis
Memory can be affected by what happens after an event.
Constructive Nature of Memory
What people report as memories are constructed based on what actually happened plus additional factors; knowledge, experiences, expectations.
Source Monitoring
The process of determining the origins of our memories, knowledge, or beliefs.
Source Monitoring Error or Source Misattributions
Misidentifying the source of a memory.
Cryptomnesia
Unconscious plagiarism of the work of others.
Illusory Truth Effect
The enhanced probability of evaluating a statement as being true upon repeated presentation.
Fluency
The ease with which a statement can be remembered.
Repeated Production
Participants trying to remember a passage at longer and longer intervals after they had first read it.
Pragmatic Inference
When reading a sentence leads a person to expect something that is not explicitly staged or implied by the sentence. Based on knowledge gained through experience.
Schema
A person’s knowledge about some aspect of the environment.
Script
Our conception of the sequence of actions that usually occurs during a particular experience.
Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory
Impressive memory.
Misinformation Effect
Misleading information presented after a person witnesses an event can change how the person describes the event later.
Repressed Childhood Memory
Memories that have been pushed out of a person’s consciousness.
Eyewitness Testimony
Testimony by someone who has witnessed a crime.
Weapons Focus
The tendency to focus attention on a weapon that results in a narrowing of attention.
