Week 8/Chapter 8

Question 1

Autobiographical Memory

Answer 1

Memory for specific experiences from our life - episodic and semantic.

Question 2

Reminiscence Bump

Answer 2

The enhanced memory for adolescence and young adulthood found in people over 40.

Question 3

Self-Image Hypothesis

Answer 3

Memory is enhanced for events that occur as a person’s self-image or life identity is being formed.

Question 4

Cognitive Hypothesis

Answer 4

Periods of rapid change that are followed by stability cause stronger encoding of memories.

Question 5

Cultural Life Script Hypothesis

Answer 5

Distinguishes between a person’s life story and a cultural life script.

Question 6

Cultural Life Script

Answer 6

Culturally expected events that occur at a particular time in the life span.

Question 7

Youth Bias

Answer 7

The tendency for the most notable public events in a person’s life to be perceived to occur when the person is young.

Question 8

Flashbulb Memory

Answer 8

A person’s memory for the circumstances surrounding shocking, highly charged events.

Question 9

Narrative Rehearsal Hypothesis

Answer 9

Memory can be affected by what happens after an event.

Question 10

Constructive Nature of Memory

Answer 10

What people report as memories are constructed based on what actually happened plus additional factors; knowledge, experiences, expectations.

Question 11

Source Monitoring

Answer 11

The process of determining the origins of our memories, knowledge, or beliefs.

Question 12

Source Monitoring Error or Source Misattributions

Answer 12

Misidentifying the source of a memory.

Question 13

Cryptomnesia

Answer 13

Unconscious plagiarism of the work of others.

Question 14

Illusory Truth Effect

Answer 14

The enhanced probability of evaluating a statement as being true upon repeated presentation.

Question 15

Fluency

Answer 15

The ease with which a statement can be remembered.

Question 16

Repeated Production

Answer 16

Participants trying to remember a passage at longer and longer intervals after they had first read it.

Question 17

Pragmatic Inference

Answer 17

When reading a sentence leads a person to expect something that is not explicitly staged or implied by the sentence. Based on knowledge gained through experience.

Question 18

Schema

Answer 18

A person’s knowledge about some aspect of the environment.

Question 19

Script

Answer 19

Our conception of the sequence of actions that usually occurs during a particular experience.

Question 20

Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory

Answer 20

Impressive memory.

Question 21

Misinformation Effect

Answer 21

Misleading information presented after a person witnesses an event can change how the person describes the event later.

Question 22

Repressed Childhood Memory

Answer 22

Memories that have been pushed out of a person’s consciousness.

Question 23

Eyewitness Testimony

Answer 23

Testimony by someone who has witnessed a crime.

Question 24

Weapons Focus

Answer 24

The tendency to focus attention on a weapon that results in a narrowing of attention.

Question 25

Post-Identification Feedback Effect

Answer 25

Increase in confidence due to confirming feedback after making an identification.

Question 26

Cognitive Interview

Answer 26

Minimum of interruption, techniques that help recreate situation, take back to scene.

Question 27

Nostalgia

Answer 27

A memory that involves sentimental affection for the past.

Question 28

Music-Enhanced Autobiographical Memories (MEAMS)

Answer 28

Memories elicited by hearing music.

Question 29

Proust Effect

Answer 29

How taste and olfaction unlock memories not thought of for years.