Week 7 Terms: HIV/AIDs Flashcards
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
A retrovirus that attacks immune system
progressive immune system failure
AIDS Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
Chronic Disease
Global Pandemic
Fatal opportunistic infections
True/False
Initially, HIV is a fatal diagnosis.
True
Life Expectancies have Increased
Medical Management
True/False
HIV is not a blood-borne pathogen.
False
HIV IS a blood-borne pathogen
Contracted through person-to person contact through body fluids; blood, semen, pre-seminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk
Does NOT live long outside the body
HIV uses BLANK DNA to replicate prolifically.
HIV uses host cell DNA to replicate prolifically.
Spreads through body and invades other cells
How is HIV diagnosed?
Blood Test (nucleic acid test, antigen/antibody, antibody)
Rapid, Self-test increasingly available
Rarely contracted through patient contact: utilize universal precautions
HIV-1
Common Strain
Rapid Progression
Easily Transmitted
HIV-2
Slower Progression than HIV-1
Seen in West Africa
Stage 1 of HIV
Signs and Symptoms
Acute
Highly infectious
Flu-like Symptoms
Mouth Ulcers
Enlarged Lymph Nodes
May be Unaware
Stage 2 of HIV
Signs and Symptoms
Chronic
Infectious
Few symptoms
Length depends on medication regime
Stage 3 of HIV
Signs and Symptoms
AIDS
Weakness
Weight Loss
Chills/Fever/Sweats
Swollen Lymph Glands
CD4 <200/mm
Opportunistic Infection or life-threatening cancer
HANDs
HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorders
-Asymptomatic
-Mild
-HIV Associated Dementia
Higher rates of mental health conditions
Populations with Increased Risk of HIV
MSM
PWID
People in prisons & closed settings
Sex Workers
Transgender People
Social Context often increase vulnerability
Sociopolitical Context (HIV)
Highly stigmatized
Disproportionally affects minority groups
Health inequities compound experience
-ethnicity/gender/education/employment/socioeconomic status
Reduction of HIV stigma is important in prevention, testing, and linkage to care
Primary Prevention (HIV)
Universal Precautions
Condom use during anal/vaginal sex
Needle Exchange Programs
Opioid Substitution Treatments
HIV Testing
PrEP; Taken DAILY to prevent HIV
PEP; Taken within 72 hr. of exposure for 28 days
Secondary Prevention (HIV)
Medical Management
Medical Management:
ART-Anti Retroviral Therapy (MAIN DEFENSE)
Prevent HIV from reproducing
CONSISTENT use can suppress viral load
Maintain or Increase DC4 Cells
Reduce Viral Load
May suppress viral loads to undetectable
Consistent undetectable viral loads cannot transmit through sexual contact
Side Effects; Liver Damage and Disease, Insulin Resistance, OSteoporosis, Psychiatric Disorders
