Week 3 Terms: Rheumatic Diseases, Digestive Diseases, and Obesity Flashcards
5 Signs and Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Insidious Onset
Mild pain gradually increasing
Inflammation in fingers or wrists
Joint swelling and stiffness
Systemic symptoms during exacerbations
Surgical repair or replacement of a joint is…
Arthroplasty
What happens in a colostomy and ileostomy?
Damaged intestine is removed/re-routed
Opening in abdominal wall for stool elimination
Signs and Symptoms of Crohn’s Disease
Inflammation of colon & small intestine
“Skip lesions”
Thickening of intestinal walls = narrow
Obstruction
Malabsorption of nutrients diarrhea
Abdominal pain (right LQ)
Weight loss
Fatigue
Adult Obesity is linked to…
Heart disease, stroke, Type II Diabetes, and certain types of cancers
True/False
Psoriatic Arthritis is a genetic and environmental predisposition for adults ages 30-55.
True
Osteoporosis can be accelerated by many factors such as…
Aging
Post-Menopausal Women; Estrogen deficiency
Sedentary Lifestyle
Hormonal Factors
Deficits in Vitamins (CA, Vit. D)
Lifestyle (smoking, caffeine)
Lupus Erythematosus
A chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)
How is gout diagnosed?
A. Blood Test
B. Urinalysis
C. Physical Exam
D. A & C
D. A & C
Surgical Fusion of a joint is…
A. Arthroplasty
B. Arthrodesis
C. Arthrovitis
D. None of the Above
B. Arthrodesis
Bouchard’s Nodes
Osteoarthritis (PIP)
True/False
Osteoarthritis affects women more than men
False
Osteoarthritis affects MEN more than WOMEN
Juvenile Arthritis
A form of arthritis that occurs in individuals under the age of 16
Treatment for Fibromyalgia
Medications – medicate the pain pathway (Lyrica)
Pain management strategies
Fatigue management
Massage therapy
Stress management
10 Treatments of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
Education
Activity Management
Pacing
Work Simplification
Energy Conservation
Good Sleep Habits
Pain Treatment
Addressing Psychosocial factors such as depression/stress/anxiety
Treatment for orthostatic hypotension
Memory Aids
What are the bony enlargement and persistent synovitis disrupt ligaments?
Bouchard Nodes (PIP) Heberden Nodes (DIP) Z deformity (thumb)
Name 2 nodes and 1 joint
What is Psoriatic Arthritis Characterized by?
Asymmetrical Joint Pain
Stiffness
Swollen Fingers and Toes
Foot Pain; Often Achilles tendinitis or plantar fasciitis
Lower Back Pain- Spondylitis
True/False
Bone mass peaks in young adulthood and declines over time.
True
Synovitis
Inflammation of the synovial membrane of a joint
Scleroderma
Chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue
Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
Severe Fatigue
Not relieved by sleep or rest
Post-exertion malaise (PEM)- simple task results in severe need for rest/nap
Sleep Problems
Difficulties with memory/thinking
Feelings of being dizzy, weak, faint, severe tiredness
True/False
Women are 2-3x more likely to develop Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) than men.
True
6 Localized Signs and Symptoms of Osteoarthritis
Pain with movement
Limited joint movement
Enlarged Joint
Instability
Post-Activity Flare-ups of Pain/Swelling
May affect one or multiple joints
What types of treatment can be done for Psoriatic Arthritis?
Anti-inflammatory treatments
Anti-rheumatic drugs
Immunosuppressants
Steroid injections
Joint protection
Joint replacement surgery
Gout
A type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid crystals in the joints
Which joints are commonly affected by osteoarthritis?
Thumb CMC
Shoulder Joint
Weight Bearing Joints; Cervical, Lumbar, Hips, Knees
Psoriasis
Chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales
Heberden’s Nodes
Osteoarthritis (DIP)
What are some ways to treat Osteoarthritis (OA) and/or Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)?
Medication to target pain, inflammation
Physical agent modalities (careful selection based on stage of disease)-Ultrasound - TENS -
Edema Management
Orthotics
Therapeutic Activities/Exercise
Ergonomics/Education
Joint Replacement Surgery (more common for OA)
What are the types of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases?
Crohn’s Disease
Colitits
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked
Pannus
Inflamed hyperplastic synovial tissue destroys cartilage
Signs and Symptoms of Fibromyalgia
Widespread Pain
Fatigue - Sleep disrupted by pain
Decreased ability to focus on and attend to tasks
Crepitus
A grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone.
A colostomy connects the to the wall.
A colostomy connects the colon to the abdominal wall.
Z deformity of thumb Osteoarthritis (OA)
Hyperextension MCP, IP flexion
4 Signs and Symptoms of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Onset is usually more acute
Larger joints are more affected
Persistent joint pain, swelling, stiffness
Skin rash, high fever
True/False
Kyphosis is the excessive inward curvature of the spine, causing the hunching of the back.
False
Kyphosis is the excessive OUTWARD curvature of the spine, causing the hunching of the back.
Fibromyalgia
Chronic condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and fibrous soft tissue
Psoriatic Arthritis
An inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis of the skin
Z deformity of thumb Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Hyperextension of IP, MCP flexion
Treatment for Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)
Maintaining joint integrity
Reducing inflammation
Pain management
Treatment for Gout
Anti-Inflammatory Medication
Pain Management
May limit weight-bearing temporarily
Describe how ulcerative colitis affects the intestines.
Inflammation starts in the rectum
Ulcers form distal to proximal
Highly vascularized area
Tissue damage interferes with absorption of fluid/electrolytes
Signs and Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis
Diarrhea
Bloody stools
Abdominal cramping
Ion deficiency
Fever
Weight loss
Colitis manifests itself at what age?
A. Adolescents
B. Ages 15-19
C. Ages 20-30
D. Ages 30-40
C. Ages 20-30
What are some risk factors of osteoarthritis?
Obesity
Aging
Genetics
Injury
Abuse/Trauma
How is ulcerative colitis treated?
Avoiding exacerbation triggers (physical/emotional)
Anti-inflammatory medications
Immunosuppressants
Antimotility agents
Nutritional supplements
Antimicrobials
Surgical resection
How can you diagnose Psoriatic Arthritis(PA)?
No single test can diagnose
Imaging of tendons/ligaments in feet and low back
Blood tests can rule out other types of disease (ex. RF is not present in PA)
Osteoporosis
A condition in which the body’s bones become weak and break easily
True/False
Crohn’s Disease manifests itself in adulthood.
False
Crohn’s Disease manifests itself in adolescence.
Mallet Finger
damage to the extensor tendon at the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) of the finger resulting in an inability to extend the finger at the DIPJ
