Week 14 Terms: Childhood Mental Health Flashcards
ADHD is classified into which two categories?
Poor Sustained Attention
Hyperactivity-Impulsivity
What are behavioral symptoms of ADHD?
Severe
Disproportionate w/child’s age or development
Persistent
No appropriate alternative explanations
How is ADHD diagnosed?
Behaviors must be present in two or more settings
6 characteristics for more than 6 months
What are the subtypes of ADHD
- Predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I)
- Predominantly hyperactivity-impulsive (ADHD-HI)
- Combined types (ADHD-C)–most prevalent
All types appear with varied degrees of severity
True/False
2x as many boys have ADHD than girls
True
Risk Factors of ADHD
Biological; Parents with ADHD, Disruptions in the connectivity between brain structures
Environmental; excess levels of the heavy metals (lead and manganese)
How is occupational performance impacted by ADHD?
Executive Functions
Sensory Motor Abilities
ADL/IADLs
Family Interactions
Academic Functions
Social and Leisure Participation
Work
How are executive functions affected by ADHD?
Making simple choices
Choosing what to pay attention to
Deciding what to do to achieve a certain goal
How are sensory motor abilities affected by ADHD?
Over-responsive
Gross and fine motor skill impairment
Children 4 to 15 with ADHD lower on the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills
How are family interactions affected by ADHD?
Disturbances in parental and marital functioning
Parent/child interaction negative > positive
Increased levels of parental stress
How are academic functions affected by ADHD?
Organizational deficits
Miss important info
Respond too quickly
Low rates of on-task behavior & task completion
Fewer positive exchanges with teachers
How is social and leisure participation affected by ADHD?
Deficient interpersonal skills influence social participation
How is work affected by ADHD?
Social participation & executive functioning deficits
Evaluate for job matching & job maintenance
Treatment for ADHD
Medications (usually stimulants)
Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Symptoms
Pattern of defiance lasting at least 6 months
Symptoms: Angry/Irritable Mood
Argumentative/Defiant Behavior
Vindictiveness
Exhibited with at least one individual who isnot a sibling
Intermittent Explosive Disorder and Symptoms
Recurrent outbursts
Failure to control aggressive impulses
Cause the individual marked distress
Impaired Functioning
Recurrent: 2x/wk for 3 months
3 outbursts involving property damage or physical injury to another person within 12 months
Conduct Disorder and Symptoms
Violates the rights of others and of social norms
Little remorse
Aggression people/animals
Destruction of property
Deceitfulness/theft
Serious rule violations
Clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning
Adolescents
Pyromania and Symptoms
Involves deliberate & purposeful fire setting
More than one occasion
Tension or arousal before
Relief or pleasure after
Intense fascination with fire
Kleptomania and Symptoms
Tension or anxiety that is relieved by stealing
Items are not needed
Dx in children & adults
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Symptoms
Hx of conduct disorder sx before age 15
Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others
18+ years old
Risk Factors for Disruptive Behavior Disorder
- Genetics and parenting
harsh/permissive discipline
verbal abuse - Environment
Classroom environment
Trauma - Lack of early intervention for childhood problems
- Low responsivity in the amygdala
True/False
Disruptive Behavior Disorder is more common in females than in males.
False
Disruptive Behavior Disorder is more common in males than in females.
What is the impact of disruptive behavior disorder on occupational performance?
Life transitions are challenging
Minimal attention to self-care and daily routines
Sleep habits often erratic
Co-morbid SUD
Difficulty with unpredictable environments like school & work
Ongoing legal issues
