Week 14 Terms: Childhood Mental Health

Question 1

ADHD is classified into which two categories?

Answer 1

Poor Sustained Attention
Hyperactivity-Impulsivity

Question 2

What are behavioral symptoms of ADHD?

Answer 2

Severe
Disproportionate w/child’s age or development
Persistent
No appropriate alternative explanations

Question 3

How is ADHD diagnosed?

Answer 3

Behaviors must be present in two or more settings
6 characteristics for more than 6 months

Question 4

What are the subtypes of ADHD

Answer 4

• Predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I)
• Predominantly hyperactivity-impulsive (ADHD-HI)
• Combined types (ADHD-C)–most prevalent

All types appear with varied degrees of severity

Question 5

True/False
2x as many boys have ADHD than girls

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Risk Factors of ADHD

Answer 6

Biological; Parents with ADHD, Disruptions in the connectivity between brain structures
Environmental; excess levels of the heavy metals (lead and manganese)

Question 7

How is occupational performance impacted by ADHD?

Answer 7

Executive Functions
Sensory Motor Abilities
ADL/IADLs
Family Interactions
Academic Functions
Social and Leisure Participation
Work

Question 8

How are executive functions affected by ADHD?

Answer 8

Making simple choices
Choosing what to pay attention to
Deciding what to do to achieve a certain goal

Question 9

How are sensory motor abilities affected by ADHD?

Answer 9

Over-responsive
Gross and fine motor skill impairment
Children 4 to 15 with ADHD lower on the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills

Question 10

How are family interactions affected by ADHD?

Answer 10

Disturbances in parental and marital functioning
Parent/child interaction negative > positive
Increased levels of parental stress

Question 11

How are academic functions affected by ADHD?

Answer 11

Organizational deficits
Miss important info
Respond too quickly
Low rates of on-task behavior & task completion
Fewer positive exchanges with teachers

Question 12

How is social and leisure participation affected by ADHD?

Answer 12

Deficient interpersonal skills influence social participation

Question 13

How is work affected by ADHD?

Answer 13

Social participation & executive functioning deficits
Evaluate for job matching & job maintenance

Question 14

Treatment for ADHD

Answer 14

Medications (usually stimulants)

Question 15

Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Symptoms

Answer 15

Pattern of defiance lasting at least 6 months

Symptoms: Angry/Irritable Mood
Argumentative/Defiant Behavior
Vindictiveness
Exhibited with at least one individual who isnot a sibling

Question 16

Intermittent Explosive Disorder and Symptoms

Answer 16

Recurrent outbursts
Failure to control aggressive impulses
Cause the individual marked distress
Impaired Functioning

Recurrent: 2x/wk for 3 months
3 outbursts involving property damage or physical injury to another person within 12 months

Question 17

Conduct Disorder and Symptoms

Answer 17

Violates the rights of others and of social norms
Little remorse
Aggression people/animals
Destruction of property
Deceitfulness/theft
Serious rule violations
Clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning

Adolescents

Question 18

Pyromania and Symptoms

Answer 18

Involves deliberate & purposeful fire setting
More than one occasion
Tension or arousal before
Relief or pleasure after
Intense fascination with fire

Question 19

Kleptomania and Symptoms

Answer 19

Tension or anxiety that is relieved by stealing
Items are not needed
Dx in children & adults

Question 20

Antisocial Personality Disorder and Symptoms

Answer 20

Hx of conduct disorder sx before age 15
Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others

18+ years old

Question 21

Risk Factors for Disruptive Behavior Disorder

Answer 21

• Genetics and parenting
  harsh/permissive discipline
  verbal abuse
• Environment
  Classroom environment
  Trauma
• Lack of early intervention for childhood problems
• Low responsivity in the amygdala

Question 22

True/False
Disruptive Behavior Disorder is more common in females than in males.

Answer 22

False
Disruptive Behavior Disorder is more common in males than in females.

Question 23

What is the impact of disruptive behavior disorder on occupational performance?

Answer 23

Life transitions are challenging
Minimal attention to self-care and daily routines
Sleep habits often erratic
Co-morbid SUD
Difficulty with unpredictable environments like school & work
Ongoing legal issues