Week 6 - Gynecological & Obstetrical Surgery

Question 1

Ablate

Answer 1

to remove or destroy tissue

Question 2

Adnexa

Answer 2

ovaries, fallopian tubes, and their connective and vascular attachments

Question 3

Colposcopy

Answer 3

microscopic examination of the cervix

Question 4

Cystocele

Answer 4

herniation of the bladder into the vaginal wall

Question 5

Dermoid cyst

Answer 5

mass arising from the germ layers of the embryo that contains tissue remnants

Question 6

Electrolytic media

Answer 6

fluids that contain electrolytes and therefore can transmit electrical current

Question 7

Episiotomy

Answer 7

perineal incision made during the second stage of labor

Question 8

Fibroid

Answer 8

leiomyoma; fibrous, benign tumor of the uterus

Question 9

Hyperplasia

Answer 9

excessive proliferation of tissue

Question 10

Incomplete abortion

Answer 10

expulsion of the fetus with retained placenta before 20 wks gestation

Question 11

Intravasation

Answer 11

absorption of fluid into the vascular system, leading to hypertension and possible death due to fluid overload

Question 12

LEEP (loop electrode excision procedure)

Answer 12

technique in which an electrosurgical loop is used to remove a core of tissue from the cervical canal

Question 13

Leiomyoma

Answer 13

fibroid; fibrous, benign tumor of the uterus

Question 14

Menarche

Answer 14

onset of menstration

Question 15

Menorrhagia

Answer 15

excessive bleeding during menses

Question 16

Missed abortion

Answer 16

abortion in which the products of conception are no longer viable but are retained in the uterus

Question 17

Obturator

Answer 17

blunt-nosed instrument that is inserted through the sheath of a rigid endoscope/hysteroscope to protect tissue as instrument is advanced

Question 18

Parturition

Answer 18

birth

Question 19

PID (pelvic inflammatory ds)

Answer 19

caused by STD or some other source of infection; causes scarring of fallopian tubes and adhesions in abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 20

Transcervical

Answer 20

through the cervix; surgery performed by passing instrument through the cervix

Question 21

Amniotic fluid

Answer 21

fluid around the fetus in the uterus

Question 22

Amniotic membranes

Answer 22

two membranes that encase the fetus, amniotic fluid, and placenta during pregnancy

Question 23

APGAR score

Answer 23

method of assessing neonate according to respiratory rate, color, reflex response, heart rate, and body tone

Question 24

Birth canal

Answer 24

material pelvis and soft structures through which the baby passes during birth

Question 25

Breech presentation

Answer 25

presentation of the baby in which buttock or feet deliver first

Question 26

Cerclage

Answer 26

procedure in which suture ligature is placed around the cervix to prevent spontaneous abortion

Question 27

Cord prolapse

Answer 27

complication of pregnancy in which the umbilical cord emerges from the uterus during labor, may be compressed against the maternal pelvis or vagina

Question 28

Eclampsia

Answer 28

seizure during pregnancy; usually a result of pregnancy-induced hypertension

Question 29

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 29

implantation of the fertilized ovum outside the uterus

Question 30

Epidural

Answer 30

type of anesthesia in which anesthetic is delivered through a small tube into the epidural space of the spinal cord to relieve pain in labor

Question 31

Fetal demise

Answer 31

death of the fetus

Question 32

Gestational age

Answer 32

age of the fetus as measure in the number or weeks from conception

Question 33

Hemorrhage

Answer 33

continuous bleeding from a pathological cause

Question 34

Incompetent cervix

Answer 34

condition in which previous cervical injury results in repeated spontaneous abortions

Question 35

Labor

Answer 35

process of regular contraction of the uterine muscle that results in birth

Question 36

Meconium

Answer 36

nearly sterile fecal wast that accumulates while the fetus is in the uterus; passed within the first few days after birth

Question 37

Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (NSVD)

Answer 37

normal birth process

Question 38

Nuchal cord

Answer 38

complication of pregnancy in which umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck of the fetus

Question 39

Placenta

Answer 39

organ that transfers selected nutrients to the fetus during pregnancy

Question 40

Placental abruption

Answer 40

premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall after 20 wks gestation and before the fetus is delivered

Question 41

Placenta previa

Answer 41

complication of pregnancy in which the placenta implants completely or partly over the cervical os

Question 42

Prenatal

Answer 42

period of pregnancy before birth

Question 43

Presentation

Answer 43

refers to the part of the baby that descends into the birth canal first

Question 44

Suprapubic pressure

Answer 44

pressure that is applied downward on the pt's abdomen just above the pubic bone

Question 45

Uterus

Answer 45

muscular organ that holds the fetus and the placenta during pregancy

Question 46

LAVH (laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy)

Answer 46

removal of the uterus by a combined laparoscopic and vaginal approach; specimen is removed vaginally

Question 47

Pelvic exenteration

Answer 47

performed to treat metastatic cancer; complete removal of the rectum, distal sigmoid colon, urinary bladder, distal ureters, internal iliac vessels, and their lateral branches; all pelvic reproductive organs, lymphnodes, entire pelvic floor, pelvic peritoneum, levator muscles, and perineum are removed

Question 48

Radical hysterectomy

Answer 48

dissection and wide removal of the uterus, tubes, ovaries, supporting ligaments, upper vagina, and pelvic lymphnode chains

Question 49

Momectomy

Answer 49

removal of a benign leiomyoma of the myometrium to control bleeding an prevent pressure on other structures in the pelvis

Question 50

Anterior-posterior repair (A & P repair)

Answer 50

herniated tissue of the anterior and posterior vagina is reduced, and the vaginal walls are reconstructed