Week 3 - Anesthesia/Pharmacology Flashcards
Absorption
process by which a dry enters the body tissues following administration
Distribution
transferred (carried) to body tissues
Biotransformation (metabolism)
chemical breakdown of a dry in the body
Excretion
elimination from the body
Pharmacokinetics
study of movement of drugs through the body; what the body does to the drug
Pharmacodynamics
changes in the body as a result of a drug; what the drug does to the body
Receptor
area on cell which recognize and bind to specific molecules
Agonist
drug that produces a response in the body by binding to a receptor
Antagonist
drug or chemical that blocks a receptor mediated response
Drug synergy
occurs when drugs given simultaneously cause an effect that is greater than anyone of the drugs would have by itself
Antibiotics
drugs that inhibit the growth of or kill bacteria
Anticoagulant
drug that inhibits blood clot formation, does not desolve the clot
Coagulants
substance that causes blood or another liquid to coagulate
Heparin
compound occurring in the liver and other tissues which inhibits blood coagulation
Allergy
hypersensitivity to a substance, response produced by the immune system
Peak effect
period of maximum effect of a drug
Side effects
anticipated effects of a drug other than those intended
Dosage
regulated administration of prescribed amounts of a drug
Topical
refers to application of a drug to the skin or mm
Pill
small round solid dosage form containing a medicinal agent intended for oral administration
Tincture
an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic soln
Buccal
relating to the cheek
Sublingual
under tounge
Parenteral
by injection
INtravenous
injection directly into vein
Airway
anatomical passageway or artificial tube through which the pt breathes
Apnea
absence of breathing
Bier block
regional anesthesia in which the anesthetic agent is injected into a vein
Delirium
state of confusion and disorientation
Emergence
stage in general anesthesia in which the anesthetic agent is withdrawn and the pt regains consciousness
Endotracheal tube
artificial airway (tube) that is inserted into the pts trachea to maintain patency
Extubation
withdrawal of an artificial airway
Intubation
initiation of general anesthesia with a drug that causes unconsciousness
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
airway consisting of a tube and small mask that is fitted internally over the pt’s larynx
Laryngoscope
lightened instrument used to assist endotracheal intubation
Malignant hyperthermia
rare state of hypermetabolism that occurs in association with inhalation anesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents
Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)
monitoring of vital functions during regional anesthesia to ensure the pt’s safety and comfort
Post-anesthesia recovery unit (PACU)
critical care area in which pt’s recover from the sedation of general anesthesia
Pulmonary embolism (PE)
obstruction in a pulmonary vessel caused by a blood clot, air bubble, or foreign body; causes sudden pain and possible pulmonary arrest
Pulse oximeter
monitoring device that measures the pt’s hgb oxygen saturation by means of spectrometry
Regional block
anesthesia in a specific area of the body, achieved by injection of an anesthesia around a major nerve/group of nerves
Sedation
an arousable state in which an individual is unaware of sensory stimuli; depression of CNS
Sedative
drug that induces a range of unconscious states; effects are dose dependent
Epidural anesthesia
route of administration in which a medication is injected into the epidural space of spinal cord; blocking transmission to the middle and lower body
Hypotension
decreased blood pressure
Laryngospasm
spasm of larynx
Anaphylazis
true allergic reaction to a substance or drug that can lead to shock
Anaphylactic shock
caused by true allergy, resulting in vasodilation and pooling of blood, slows or halts normal circulation
Septic shock
caused by severe infection, results in hypovolemia
Ventilation
physical act of taking air into the lungs by inflation and releasing carbon dioxide from the lungs by deflation
