Week 11 - Surgery of the Ear, Nose, Pharynx, and Larynx Flashcards
Cerumen
ear wax; substance produce by the cerumen glands of the ear
Cholesteatoma
benign tumor of the middle ear, caused by shedding of keratin in chronic otitis media
Effusion
fluid in the middle ear
Epistaxis
nose bleed
Evert
to turn outward or inside out
Hypertrophy
enlargement of an organ or tissue
Nasolaryngoscope
flexible endoscope is passed through the nose to visualize the larynx
Ossicles
bones of the middle ear that conduct sound; malleus, incus, stapes
Ototoxic
substance that can injure the ear
Packing
method of applying and dressing to a body cavity
Papilloma
benign epithelial tumor characterized by a branching or lobular tumor
Paranasal sinuses
air cells surrounding or on the periphery of nasal cavities; maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses
Paresis
paralysis of a structure
Peforation
defection the tympanic membrane caused by trauma or infection
Phonation
vibration of the vocal cord during speaking or vocalization
Polyp
excessive proliferation of the mucosal epithelium
Sensoroneural hearing loss
hearing impairment arising from the cochlea, auditory nerve, or CNS
TM
tympanic membrane
Transsphenoidal
across or through the sphenoid bone
Tympanostomy tube
tube that is placed in a myringotomy to produce aeration of the middle ear
External ear
auricle (pinna), external auditory meatus, external auditory canal, outer surface of TM
Middle ear
TM, ossicles, opening of eustachian tube, opening of mastoid cavity, intratympanic portion of the facial nerve
Inner ear
contains receptors for hearing and balance, labyrinths - bony and membraneous, cochlea, semicircular canals and vestibule
Otoscope
instrument used to examine TM
Myringotomy
surgical opening made in the TM to release fluid from the middle ear
Tympanoplasty
surgical removal of a cholesteatoma and mastoid bone with or without reconstruction
Mastoidectomy/Tympanomastoidectomy
removal of diseased bone, mastoid air cells, and soft tissue lining air cells of the mastoid
Stapedectomy/Ossiclular reconstruction
reconstruction of the ossicles to restore conduction to the oval window
Cochlear implant
used to transmit external sound directly to the 8th cranial nerve; used in tx of sensoinural deafness
Nasopharynx
situated behind the nasal cavity and above the oval cavity; communicates with the nasal sinuses and oropharynx below it
Pharynx
tubular structure extending from the nose to the esophagus; nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx
Endoscopic sinus surgery
performed to treat ds of the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, and skull base and to improve nasal airflow
Caldwell-Luc procedure
technique used to enter the maxillary sinus in which an incision is made in the gingival-buccal sulcus (junction of the gum and upper lip); performed for drainage of an abscess in maxillary sinus and surgical removal of granulation tissue
Turbinectomy/turbinate reduction
removal of the bony turbinate to increase airflow through the nose
Septoplasty
surgical manipulation of the septum to return it to the correct anatomical position or to gain access to the sphenoid sinus for removal of a pituitary tumor
Rhinoplasty
performed to reshape the external nose for aesthetic or functional purposes
Tonsillectomy
performed to eradicate infection, improve the airway, or remove a cancer
Adenoidectomy
surgical removal of the adenoids
Uvuloplatopharyngoplasty
reconstruction of the uvula and oropharynx; performed to reduce or tighten oropharyngeal tissue
Laryngoscopy
endoscopic assessment of larynx
Tracheotomy/tracheostomy
performed to provide a patent airway
Parotidectomy
surgical removal of the parotid gland
Thyroidectomy
surgical removal of one or more lobes of the thyroid gland
Glossectomy
removal of the tongue for tx of cancer
Laryngectomy
removal of the larynx
Arch bar
metal plates wired to the teeth to occlude the jaw during maxillofacial sx or during healing
Le Fort I fracture
horizontal fx of the maxilla, extends into lower nasal septum, lateral maxillary sinus, and palatine bones
Le Fort II fracture
extends from nasal bone to frontal processes of maxilla, lacrimal bones, and inferior orbital floor
Le Fort III fracture
involves separation of all the facial bones from their cranial bone
Oromaxillofacial surgery
sx involving the bones of the face, primarily for repair of fractures and reconstruction of congenital abnormalities
