Week 10 - Ophthalmic Surgery

Question 1

Accommodation

Answer 1

process of focusing

Question 2

Brindle suture

Answer 2

temporary traction suture place through the sclera used to pull the globe laterally for exposure

Question 3

Cataract

Answer 3

clouding of vision caused by crystalline lens of the eye, it’s capsule, or both become opaque

Question 4

Cryotherapy

Answer 4

cold probe is used to freeze tissue

Question 5

Diathermy

Answer 5

low-power cautery used to mark the sclera over an area of retina detachment

Question 6

Enucleation

Answer 6

surgical removal of the globe and accessory attachments

Question 7

Eviseration

Answer 7

surgical removal of the contents of the orbit

Question 8

Exenteration

Answer 8

removal of the entire contents of the orbit

Question 9

Focal point

Answer 9

point where light rays converge and after passing through a lens

Question 10

Glaucoma

Answer 10

elevation of the IOP

Question 11

Keratoplasty

Answer 11

sx of the cornea

Question 12

Muscle recession

Answer 12

sx performed to reposition eye muscle to release the globe

Question 13

Muscle resection

Answer 13

sx performed to shorten the eye muscle to pull the globe into the correct position

Question 14

Phacoemulsification

Answer 14

high frequency sound waves are used to emulsify tissue

Question 15

Pterygium

Answer 15

triangular membrane that arises from the medial canthus

Question 16

Refraction

Answer 16

light rays are bent as they pass through a transparent medium that is denser than air

Question 17

Spatula needle

Answer 17

flat-tipped suture needle

Question 18

Strabismus

Answer 18

inability to coordinate the extraocular muscles

Question 19

1% Atropine

Answer 19

mydriatic, dilator

Question 20

Epinephrine 1:100,000 (preservative free)

Answer 20

mydriatic, added to BSS during phaco

Question 21

Pilocarpine hydrochloride (1%, 4%)

Answer 21

miotic, duration 10 - 20 min

Question 22

Tetracaine hydrochloride (0.05%)

Answer 22

topical anesthetic

Question 23

Lidocaine (1%, 2%, 4%)

Answer 23

injectable anesthetic, duration 40 - 60 min, 120 min with epi

Question 24

Bupivacaine (0.25%, 0.05%, 0.75%)

Answer 24

injectable anesthetic, duration 8 - 12 hours with epi

Question 25

Epinephrine (1:50,000, 1:200,000)

Answer 25

additive to local anesthetic to prolong anesthesia and reduce bleeding

Question 26

Viscoelastics

Answer 26

lubricant and support, maintains anterior chamber intraocularly

Question 27

Balanced salt solution (BSS)

Answer 27

irrigant, used topically or intraocularly

Question 28

Betamethasone sodium phosphate (Celestone)

Answer 28

anti-inflammatory (glucocorticoid), injected subconj

Question 29

Besamethasone (Decadron)

Answer 29

adenocorticosteroid; injected subconj

Question 30

Gentamicin sulfate

Answer 30

antibiotic, injected subconj, topical

Question 31

Cocaine (1% - 4%)

Answer 31

used topically only, used on cornea to loosen epithelium before debridement

Question 32

Mitomycin

Answer 32

antimetabolitic (sp), used topically to inhibit scar formation in glaucoma filtering procedures and pteygium excision

Question 33

Repair of an entropion

Answer 33

repair of an abnormal inversion of the lower eyelid

Question 34

Repair of an ectropion

Answer 34

repair of drooping of the lower eyelid

Question 35

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Answer 35

creation of a permanent opening in the tear duct for drainage of tears

Question 36

Lacrimal duct probing

Answer 36

lacrimal duct opened and obstruction removed

Question 37

Muscle resection and recession

Answer 37

performed to correct strabismus

Question 38

Penetrating keratoplasty

Answer 38

corneal transplantation

Question 39

LASIK (Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis)

Answer 39

performed to shape the curvature of the cornea and correct a refractory problem

Question 40

Extracapsular cataract extraction

Answer 40

phacoemulsification

Question 41

Anterior vitrectomy

Answer 41

performed to remove vitreous from anterior chamber

Question 42

Scleral buckling

Answer 42

resorting layers of retina to their normal positions and prevent blindness

Question 43

Orbital decompression

Answer 43

one or more bony section of orbital cavity are removed to reduce pressure on the optic nerve

Question 44

Argon laser trabeculoplasty

Answer 44

argon laser is used to shrink collagen and stretch the canal of Schlemm, therefore expanding the canal increasing drainage and reducing IOP

Question 45

Orbital exenteration

Answer 45

removal of the entire eye and orbital contents (incl. eyelids, ocular muscles, and orbital fat); tx for cancer

Question 46

A-scan

Answer 46

ophthalmic ultrasonography; depicts tissue density as amplitude on two axes

Question 47

Excision of a chalazion

Answer 47

removal of nodal tissue arising from sebacous gland; excised from tarsal plate

Question 48

IOP (intraocular pressure)

Answer 48

fluid pressure inside the eye

Question 49

IOL (intraocular lens)

Answer 49

replacement lens (implant)