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ST3 > Week 4 - General Surgery > Flashcards

Week 4 - General Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal peritoneum

A

serous membrane lining the walls of the abdominal cavity

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2
Q

Direct inguinal hernia

A

hernia that results from weakness in the inguinal floor

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3
Q

Evisceration

A

protrusion of the viscera outside the body as a result of trauma or wound disruption

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4
Q

Fistula

A

abnormal tract or passage leading from one organ to another or from an organ to the skin

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5
Q

Hernia

A

protrusion of tissue under the skin through a weakened area of the body wall

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6
Q

Incarcerated hernia

A

herniated tissue that is trapped in an abdominal wall defect

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7
Q

Incisional hernia

A

post operative herniation of tissue into tissue layers around an abdominal incision

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8
Q

Indirect inguinal hernia

A

hernia that protrudes into the membranous sac of the spermatic cord

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9
Q

Linea alba

A

strip of avascular tissue that follow the midline and extends from the pubis to the xiphoid process

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10
Q

McBurney incision

A

incision in which the oblique right muscle is manually split to allow removal of the appendix

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11
Q

Reduce

A

replace or push herniated tissue back into its normal anatomical position

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12
Q

Strangulated hernia

A

hernia in which abdominal tissue has become trapped between the layers of an abdominal wall defect

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13
Q

Ventral hernia

A

weakness in the abdominal wall, resulting in the protrusion of viscera against the peritoneum and abdominal fascia

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14
Q

Viscera

A

organs or tissue of the abdominal cavity

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15
Q

Anastomosis

A

surgical procedure in which two hollow structures are joined

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16
Q

Billroth I procedure

A

gastroduodenostomy; surgical anastomosis of the stomach and the duodenum

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17
Q

Billroth II procedure

A

gastrojejunostomy; surgical anastomosis of the stomach and the jejunum

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18
Q

Bowel technique

A

method of preventing cross-contamination between the bowel contents and the abdominal cavity

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19
Q

Exploratory laparotomy

A

laparotomy performed to examine the abdominal cavity when less invasive measures fail to confirm a diagnosis

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20
Q

Gastrotomy

A

surgical opening through the stomach wall connecting to the outside of the body or another hollow structure

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21
Q

Morbid obesity

A

condition in which the patient’s body mass index is 40 or higher, and the pt is at lease 100 lbs over the ideal body wt

22
Q

Stoma

A

opening created in a hollow organ and sutured to the skin to drain the organs contents

23
Q

Friable

A

descriptive term for tissue that means fragile and easily torn, may bleed profusely

24
Q

Lobectomy

A

surgical removal of one or more anatomical secretions of the liver

25
Q

Segmental resection

A

anatomical resection of the liver in which segments divided by specific blood vessels and biliary ducts are removed

26
Q

Mastectomy

A

a procedure in which breast tissue (incl. skin, areola, and nipple) is removed, lymphnodes NOT removed; simple masectomy

27
Q

Modified radical mastectomy

A

procedure in which the entire breast, nipple, and areolar region are removed; lymphnodes usually removed

28
Q

Sentinel lymphnode biopsy (SLNB)

A

procedure in which one or more lymph nodes are removed to determine whether a tumor has metastasized

29
Q

Skin flap

A

flap that is created by incising the skin and cutting it away from the underlying tissue to which it is attached

30
Q

Subcutaneous mastectomy

A

procedure in which the breast is removed, skin, nipple, and areola are left intact; lumpectomy

31
Q

Midline (upper and lower)

A

incision made through the skin, subc, and linea alba center of fascia layer to which the rectus muscles attach; exposure of lower esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, biliary system, spleen, pancreas, proximal colon

32
Q

Paramedian (upper and lower)

A

muscle splitting incision; less painful than a subcostal muscle-cutting incision for access to upper quadrants; exposure of right-> biliary system, pancreas, left-> spleen, sigmoid colon

33
Q

Subcostal

A

inscion follow the lower rib margin in a semicurved shape; painful postop, exposure of right-> biliary system, spleen, bilateral -> liver transplantation

34
Q

Inguinal (oblique)

A

incision used to gain access to the inguinal region for hernia repair; may be used for internal access to the spermatic cord; exposure of the muscles and fascia of inguinal abdominal wall, spermatic cord, inguinal ring, abdominal ring, inferior epigastric artery and vein

35
Q

Lower transverse (Pfannenstiel)

A

incision follow the natural skin fold to achieve cosmetic closure; exposure of uterus, adnexa, bladder, access for cesarean section

36
Q

Small intestine

A

proximal portion of the intestinal tract; extends from pylorus of stomach to proximal end of large intestine (d, i, j)

37
Q

Large intestine

A

Extends from the distal ileum to the rectum and divided into -> ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

38
Q

Loop colostomy

A

double colostomy; both sections of cut bowel are brought out through the abdominal wall; allows bowel to remain nonfunctional for a period of healing

39
Q

Partial colectomy

A

performed to remove a section of diseased colon and restore continuity to the intestine

40
Q

Abdominoperineal resection

A

anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon are removed en bloc through combined abdominal and perineal incisions

41
Q

Appendectomy (open technique)

A

removal of the appendix where perforation has occurred, significant risk of perforation or abdominal mass discovered

42
Q

Appendectomy (laparoscopic approach)

A

removal of the appendix using a laparoscopic technique

43
Q

Hemorrhoidectomy

A

removal of hemorrhoids for pain management and to prevent bleeding and infection

44
Q

Excision of a pilonidal cyst

A

removal of pilonidal cyst (congenital defect where epithelial tissue develops below the surface of the skin in the area of the sacrum and coccyx)

45
Q

Excision of an anorectal fistula

A

excised to promote approsimation of tissue edges and close the tract

46
Q

Laparoscope cholecytectomy

A

laparoscopikc removal of gallbadder

47
Q

Splenectomy

A

removal of the spleen

48
Q

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure)

A

head of pancreas and duodenum and portion of the jejunum, distal stomach, and distal section of common bile duct removed, the biliary system, pancreatic system, and gi tract are reconstructed; curative or palliative tx for pancreatic cancer

49
Q

Laparoscop distal pancreatectomy

A

portion of the tail of the pancreas is removed for palliative tx of a malignant tumor or to remove a benign lesion

50
Q

Segmental resection of the liver

A

remove portion of the liver to treat benign or malignant tumor; removal of 1 or more of the 9 liver segments

ST3 (15 decks)

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