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ST3 > Week 14 - Peripheral Vascular Surgery > Flashcards

Week 14 - Peripheral Vascular Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Aneurysm

A

ballooning of an artery as a result of weakening of the arterial wall

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2
Q

Angioplasty

A

dilation of an artery using endovascular techniques

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3
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

ds characterized by thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial wall

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4
Q

Arteriotomy

A

incision made in an artery

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5
Q

Artherosclerosis

A

causes plaque to form on inner surface of an artery

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6
Q

Bifurcation

A

Y shape of an artery or graft

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7
Q

Doppler duplex ultrasonography

A

type of ultrasoundography that amplifies sound that pass through tissue and produces a visual image of blood flow

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8
Q

Embolus

A

moving substance in the vascular system

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9
Q

Endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of plaque from inside an artery

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10
Q

Hemodialysis

A

renal replacement therapy; process in which blood is shunted out of the body and end stage renal ds

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11
Q

Hemodynamic

A

term referring to the pressure, flow, and resistance in the cardiovascular system

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12
Q

Infarction

A

blockage in an artery that may lead to ischemia and necrosis

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13
Q

In situ

A

“in natural position or normal place without distributing or invading surrounding tissues.”

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14
Q

Intravascular ultrasound

A

diagnostic tool in which a transducer is introduced into an artery and ultrasound is used to translate the physical characteristics of the lumen into a visual image

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15
Q

Ischemia

A

decrease in or absence of blood supply

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16
Q

Lumen

A

inside of a hollow structure (blood vessel)

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17
Q

Percutaneous

A

“through the skin,” in sx - incision not made, catheter or other device is introduced through or puncture site

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18
Q

Stent

A

tubular device placed inside an artery for dilation, support, and prevention of stricture

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19
Q

Thrombus

A

any organic or nonorganic material blocking an artery

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20
Q

Umbilical tapes

A

length of cotton mesh tape used to loop around a blood vessel for retraction; vessel loop

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21
Q

Venous stasis

A

pooling of blood in the veins and caused by inactivity or ds; caused by distention of the veins

22
Q

Vessel loop

A

device used to retract a vessel during sx

23
Q

Systolic pressure

A

higher pressure; occurs during contraction of ventricles

24
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

lower pressure; occurs during relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle

25
Q

Central venous line

A

central line, method of administering IV drugs, solns, parentral nutrients, and blood draws for pts requiring long or medium term tx; main line insertion end in vein, distal end outside of body

26
Q

Heparinized saline solution

A

used to prevent coagulation in the area of the operative sessels

27
Q

Topical thrombin

A

dry powder thats reconstituted with IV saline, coagulation

28
Q

Gelfoam

A

microfibrillar collagen hemostat, coagulant

29
Q

Intraoperative angiography

A

injection of contrast medium into a selected artery and its branches to determine exact location of structures, occlusion, or malformation

30
Q

Transluminal angioplasty

A

insertion of an arterial catheter or stent into an artery to establish patency and normal bloodflow

31
Q

Arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula)

A

direct anastomosis between an artery and vein

32
Q

Surgicel

A

hemostatic agent, oxidized cellulose polymer

33
Q

Thrombectomy

A

open procedure to remove a stationary clot in a blood vessel; restores circulation and prevents emboli

34
Q

Carotid endarterectomy

A

removal of artherosclerotic plaque from the carotid artery

35
Q

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

A

a section of the abdominal aorta becomes thin and bulges b/c arterosclerotic plaque and progressive weakening of the aortic wall

36
Q

Endovascular abdominal aneurysm (EVAR)

A

the aortic aneurysm is approached through the femoral artery; multisectional graft introduced into the aorta through femoral artery under fluoroscopy

37
Q

Aortofemoral bypass

A

performed to treat aortoiliac occlusive ds, graft implanted between aorta and femoral arteries to bypass iliac arteries and restore circulation

38
Q

Femorofemoral bypass

A

involes implantation of a prosthetic graft that connects femoral artery on affected side to the opposite femoral artery; treat unilateral artherosclerotic ds in iliac artery

39
Q

Axillofemoral bypass

A

creates circulation between femoral arteries and axillary artery; restores circulation to lower extremity or bypass an infected aortic graft or aneurysm

40
Q

In situ saphenous femoropopliteal bypass

A

continuous incision made along entire saphenous vein, distal end is anastomosed to the popliteal artery, proximal vein is anastomosed to the large end of the femoral artery

41
Q

Femoropopliteal bypass

A

synthetic graft or autograft is implanted between the femoral and popliteal arteries

42
Q

Saphenous vein graft

A

greater saphenous vein is removed to provide an autograft for peripheral or coronary artery bypass

43
Q

Management of varicose veins

A

involves removal of dilated and tortuous (varicose) veins and their tributaries to prevent symptoms and to improve cosmetic appearance

44
Q

Above-the-knee amputation (AKA)

A

involves the surgical removal of the leg; performed when vascular insufficiency causes by arteriosclerotic or thromboembolic ds results in necrosis of the lower limb

45
Q

Polypropylene (Prolene)

A

synthetic, monofilament, nonabsorbable

46
Q

Polyhexafluoropropylene (Pronova)

A

nonabsorable, monofilamint

47
Q

Polyester (Mersilene)

A

nonabsorable, braided

48
Q

Tunnelled catheter

A

portion of the catheter is “embedded” or tunneled in SQ; used for long term IV tx, may have single or multiple lumens

49
Q

Non-tunneled catheter

A

used for short or medium term in tx

50
Q

Port

A

type of catheter with access port or reservoir that is implanted under the skin

ST3 (15 decks)

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