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psy112- lib > WEEK 5 COMPLETED SET > Flashcards

WEEK 5 COMPLETED SET Flashcards

1
Q

what is sensation

A

the process by which the sense organs gather information about the enviroment

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2
Q

what is perception

A

the process by which sensory information is selected organised and interpreted

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3
Q

what is transduction

A

the transformation of energy into nerve impulses a form our body can sense - coded in terms of intensity and quality

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4
Q

what are psychophysics

A

the study of how we perceive sensory stimuli based on their physical charcateristics

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5
Q

absolute threshold

A

the lowest level of a stimulus that we can detect 50% of the time

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6
Q

just noticeable difference

A

smallest change in a stimulus intensity that we can detect-

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7
Q

what doesjust noticeable difference depend on

A

intensity of new stimulation and level of stimulation already present

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8
Q

what is webers law

A

regardless of the magnitude of two stimulus. the second must differ from the first by a constant proportion for it to be perceived as different

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9
Q

what is the average weber fraction for weight

A

1/50

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10
Q

what is signal detection theory

A

sensation occurs when we judge whether a stimulus is present or not

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11
Q

what two processes contribute to signal detection theory

A
  1. initial sensory processes- sensitivity to the stimulus (signal to noise ratio)
  2. decision process- the individuals readiness to report detecting a stimulus when uncertin
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12
Q

what is attention

A

mental phenomena of concentration and its shifts in focus influenced by internal and external events and limited capacity

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13
Q

what is selective attention

A

allows us to select some inputs for further processing and ignore others- RAS and basal ganglia

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14
Q

broad bents theory of attention

A

bottleneck, early filtering mechanism, limited capacity channel (some you choose) where you resond or remember

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15
Q

cocktail party effect

A

suggests some information gets through the filter - even when we selectively attend to a conversation some information gets through- we are subconsciously monitoring conversations around us

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16
Q

errors of attention

A

change and inattentional blindess

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17
Q

what is divided attention

A

performing multiple tasks simultaneously, attention has a limited capacity, we think we can attend to many things but cant- ability is just speed at quick we can switch attention

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18
Q

what is the visable spectrum of light

A

400-700nanometers

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19
Q

characteristics of vision

A

image is inverted on the retina, which turns it into an AP,

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20
Q

cornea

A

direction and focusing, clear part of eye, curved dome which bends light

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21
Q

sclera

A

white part of your eye, refocuses light

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22
Q

choroid

A

muscle area attached to lens

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23
Q

retina

A

holds light sensitive cells, innermost layer of the eye where light is converted to nerve impulses

24
Q

macula

A

contains fovea

25
Q

fovea

A

part of the retina where light is focused most sharply, most concentration of cones

26
Q

pupil

A

opening that lets light in

27
Q

optic nerve

A

transmits impulses from the retina to the rest of the brain

28
Q

eye muscle

A

one of 6 muscles that rotate the eye

29
Q

lens

A

transparent disk that focuses light rays for near or distant vision

30
Q

iris

A

coloured part which controls pupil

31
Q

blindspot

A

point of no cells where info enters the brain

32
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness. focus point is before the retina

33
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness. focal point is after/beyond the retina

34
Q

rods

A

low light, monochromatic, peripheral vision, use rhodopsin which light bleaches causing fatigue

35
Q

cones

A

bright light, colour, central vision and fine detail

36
Q

gaglion cells

A

many rods connect to one

one cone connected to many ganglion

37
Q

what is an optic chaism

A

where the two sides of vision cross over

38
Q

path of vision

A

left side from left eye stays on same side but left side from right eye crosses over- visa versa

39
Q

simple cells

A

in visual cortex- respond to light of a specific orientation at a particular location- respond to certian edges at certain degrees

40
Q

complex cells

A

specific orientation but less dependant on location

41
Q

feature detector cells

A

lines and edges (simple and complex cells), length of lines, shapes, movement colour etc

42
Q

which visual cortex is movement in

A

V5

43
Q

which visual cortex is colour in

A

V4

44
Q

trichromatic theory of colour vision

A

colour vision is based on sensitivity to three primary colours, consistent with the three types of cones in your eyes, explains colour blindness (red, green, blue)

45
Q

opponent process theory of colour vision

A

colour vision as a function of complementary opposing colours red vs green blue vs yellow black vs white

46
Q

what are the three types of colour blindness

A

mono, di, and trichromacy

47
Q

what is the most common cause of colour blindness

A

genetics, more common in males, faulty cone development

48
Q

what is cateract

A

blurry vision, lens issue

49
Q

what is glucoma

A

fluid pressure damages rods, peripheral vision loss

50
Q

what is macular degeneration

A

less treatable due to age, central vision loss, causes blurred vision

51
Q

what is diabetic retinopathy

A

increasingly patchy loss of vision, due to diabetes

52
Q

what is childhood blindness

A

due to genetics

53
Q

what is motion blindess

A

inability to perceive motion or stitch together incoming images

54
Q

what is visual agnosia

A

inability to recognise objects despite normal ability to describe shape and colour

55
Q

what are cortical blindness and blindsight

A

cortically blind people asked to idenitfy shapes and locations but some people claim they cant see so cant however can perform tasks at more than chances levels and are better than other blind types

56
Q

what is the cause for blindsight

A

enough information is processed to have some sort of insight vision or collicular pathway can allow some visom

psy112- lib (12 decks)

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