Week 5: Chapter 5 Flashcards
____________ psychology: study of the evolution of cognition and behaviour using principles of natural selection
evolutionary
_________ ____________: process by which heritable traits that best enable organisms to survive reproduce in particular environments are passed to ensuing generations
Natural Selection
__________ : the enduring behaviours, ideas, attitudes and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
Culture
Culture is a huge influence on human ________
behaviour
Human behaviour is responsive to e__________ influences (including culture)
environmental
_____________ - maintain distinct subcultures within a common culture
Multiculturalism
_______: standards for accepted and expected behaviour
Norms
Some norms are universal but many are _________ unique
culturally
________ _________ - buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies
Personal Space
Social ________ - convey information about status, context, and group membership
markers
L_______ can differentiate ethnic and cultural groups
Language
L________ is a maker of ethnic and cultural identity
Langruage
6 Universal Emotions: 1 - H\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 2- D\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 3- S\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 4- F\_\_\_\_\_ 5- A\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 6- S\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Happiness; Disgust; Sadness; Fear; Anger: Surprise
Universal ___________ norms: All cultures have concept of friendship
friendship
Universal ______ dimensions: Stable Outgoing; Open; Agreeable; Consciousness are across all cultures
trait
Universal ______ norms: Markers of high versus low status
status
Advances in intimacy in relationship made by (higher/lower) status person
higher
________ - socially ascribed characteristics and behaviours based on sex
Gender
G______ is a powerful social category that influences how others perceive us through our lives
Gender
Men are associated with I_________ (competitive; aggressive; dominant) while women are associated with C__________ (nurturing, caring, value)
Independent (agenic);l Connectedness (communal)
Social dominance influences Con_________ style
conversational
Men are ‘____-________’ leaders - focusing on getting the task done, achieving the goal
task-orientated
Women are _____-_________ oriented - focusing on relations within the group
socio-emotional orientated
____________ leaders: leadership characterised by consideration, motivation, stimulation, and trust
transformational
______ _________: an invisible barrier that stops women and minorities from achieving leadership positions
Glass ceiling
R____ C_______ theory: stereotype for leader is generally associated with the characteristics of male rather than female. Leading to the glass ceiling effect
Role Congruity theory
_______ role: set of behaviour expectations (norms) for males and females
Gender roles
Both men and women report that relationships with _____ tend to be more intimate, nurturing, and enjoyable
women
______________ psychologists predict no sex differences in all those domains in which the sexes faced similar adaptive challenges
Evolutionary psychologists
________ assumption: parental nurture governs who their children become
nurture assumption
