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Social Psychology > Week 10: Chapter 13 FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

Week 10: Chapter 13 FINAL EXAM Flashcards

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1
Q

________: A perceived incompatibility of actions or goals

A

Conflict

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2
Q

______ _____: a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behaviour

A

Social Trap

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3
Q

non-______-_____ games: games in which outcomes not sum to zero. With cooperation, both can win; with competition, both can lose

A

non-zero-sum games

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4
Q

Ways we can resolve social dilemmas:

  • Reg_______
  • _______ groups
  • Comm_________
  • Changing the p_______
  • Appeals to _________ norms
A

Regulation; Small groups; Communication; Changing the payoffs; Appeals to altruistic norms

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5
Q

Discussing a social dilemma can forge a ______ ______, which enhances concern for everyone’s welfare

A

social identity

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6
Q

___________ creates group norms and consensus expectations and puts pressure on members to follow them

A

Communication

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7
Q

____________ can also activate altruistic norms

A

Communication

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8
Q

C__________ breed conflict

A

Competition

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9
Q

Self-J__________ inclines people to deny the wrong of their evil acts

A

self-justification

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10
Q

_______ - _______ perceptions: reciprocal views of each other often held by parties in conflict

A

Mirror - Image Perceptions

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11
Q 
Four behaviours towards achieving peace:
1 Con\_\_\_\_\_\_
2 Coop\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
3 C\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_n
4 Conc\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Contact; Cooperation; Communication; Conciliation

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12
Q

In a recent meta-analysis, increased _______ predicted decreased prejudice

A

contact

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13
Q

_______ ________: situation in which most rewarding short-term choice for individual causes negative consequences for group as a whole

A

Social dilemmas

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14
Q

_____ _____: Situation in which conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest, became caught in mutually destructive behaviour

A

Social trap

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15
Q

_______ dilemma: if all cooperate, all gain; if all compete, all lose

A

Commons dilemma

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16
Q

_______ of the _______: individuals consume more than their share of common resource ultimately leading to loss of resource for all

A

Tragedy of the commons

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17
Q

______ _______ dilemma: individual must contribute to provision of freely available resource

A

Public Goods Dilemma

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18
Q

____-_____ effect: benefit from public good without contributing

A

Free-rider effect

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19
Q

_________ behaviour: behaviour that involves integration between members of separate social groups

A

Intergroup behaviour

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20
Q

_________ behaviour: individual behaviour that is influenced by awareness of, and identification with, different social groups

A

Intergroup behaviour

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21
Q

______-________ hypothesis: all aggression comes from frustration

A

Frustration-agression hypothesis

22
Q

________ _________ theory: perceived relative deprivation leads to feelings of frustration that leads to social unrest and possibly violence

A

Relative Deprivation Theory

23
Q

________ _______ deprivation: sense that our ingroup has less than it is entitled to compared to a relevant outgroup

A

Fraternalistic relative deprivation

24
Q

________ _______ conflict theory: mutually exclusive goals produce intergroup conflict and ethnocentrism

A

Realistic Group Conflict theory

25
Q

______ _______ paradigm: : in competition between groups necessary for intergroup conflict

A

Minimal Group Paradigm

26
Q

_______ _______ _______: motivated to maximise positive distinctiveness or ingroup

A

social identity theory

27
Q

Social Identity theory components:
1 Cat_________
2 Id__________
3 Com__________

A

Categorisation; Identification; Comparison;

28
Q

_____-_________ theory: categorising based on comparative and normative fit

A

Self-categorisation theory

29
Q

____________: define ourselves in terms of ingroup (social identity) and behaviour in line with in-group norms

A

Depersonalisation

30
Q

____-________ principle: categorise so as to maximise differences between categories compared to differences within categories

A

Meta-constrast

31
Q

______-_______ contact: contact on an equal basis.

A

Equal - status relationship

32
Q

____________ goals: a shared goal that necessitates cooperative effort; a goal that orverrides people’s differences from one another

A

Superordinate goal

33
Q

Being mindful of our _______ social identities that we partially share with anyone else enables social cohesion

A

multiple

34
Q

Bicultural individuals normally have a positive ___-______

A

self-concept

35
Q

________ _________ : Win-win agreements that reconcile both parties interests to their mutual benefit

A

Integrative agreements

36
Q

What does GRIT stand for?

A

Graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension reduction

37
Q

______: a strategy designed to de-escalate international tensions

A

GRIT

38
Q

According to Social Identity Theory, our self-concept, does not just include a personal identity, but also a _______ identity

A

social

39
Q

What is a psychological benefit of prejudice?

A

Feelings of superiority

40
Q

S_____ D_________: situation in which most rewarding short-term choice for individual causes negative consequences for group as a whole

A

Social Dilemmas

41
Q

What is the tragedy of the commons?

A

Individuals consume more than their share of common resource ultimately leading to loss of resource for all

42
Q

P_____ Go______ dilemma: individual MUST contribute to provision of freely available resource. (if not it leads to a free rider scumbag)

A

Public Goods Dilemma

43
Q

A f_________ A________ E_______ is crucial in social dilemmas as it argues that our interests are morally correct while others interests are greedy and selfish (such as in the prisoners dilemma and tragedy of the commons)

A

fundamental attribution error

44
Q

If I was frustrated with an individual and then acted out in aggression, what theory would explain this as typical behaviour?

A

Frustration - aggression hypothesis

45
Q

Rel________ dep________: sense of having less than one is entitled to. This can then lead to anger, frustration, or aggression

A

Relative Deprivation

46
Q

If the planning department got less funding than the human resources department, they would feel a sense off fra________ re________ de_________

A

Fraternalistic relative deprivation

47
Q

If there was only a set amount of money for both the finance and human resources department, what theory would argue that hostilities would arise and conflict over these scarce resources?

A

Realistic Group Conflict theory

48
Q

Conflict will not occur when there is no personal gain for the individuals in the groups according to R_______ G_____ C_______ theory

A

Realistic Group Conflict Theory

49
Q

______ _______ theory: we are motivated to maximise our positive distinctiveness of the in-group we are in

A

Social Identity Theory

50
Q

Social Identity Theory is based on three central ideas:

  • Cat_________
  • Id__________
  • Com__________
A

Categorisation; Identification; Comparison

51
Q

What theory is pertinent to why terrorists become aggressive to others?

A

Relative Deprivation Theory and Frustration - Aggression Hypothesis

52
Q

M____ - C_______ principle: we categorise so as to maximise differences between categories and minimise within categories

A

Meta-Contrast Principle

Social Psychology (13 decks)

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