Week 5 Flashcards
__________ bonds are responsible for water’s ability to absorb heat and maintain surface tension.
Hydrogen
__________ is the measure if acid strength.
pKa.
_____________ acids have high Ka value because they fully dissociate in water.
Strong.
__________ is the measure of acidity.
pH
Biochemistry usually takes place in a roughly ___________ environment.
Neutral.
____________ are chemical systems resistant to changes in pH.
Buffers.
Buffers are a mixture of __________ and their ___________.
Weak acid and conjugated bases.
___________ is an expression that is used to calculate the pH of a buffer system.
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
The Henderson Hasselbalch equation is ___________
pH=pKA+ log[A-]/ [HA]
_____________ is the pH at which a weak acid or conjugate base system will buffer.
Buffering capacity.
____________ measures how much base is required to fully neutralize an acid or vice versa.
Titration curve.
____________ of the same buffers allow tight buffering at multiple pHs in the same environment.
Buffer systems
___________ group readily lose a proton.
Carboxylic acid.
___________ group is much less likely to lose a proton.
Amino.
pH sensors in the brainstem regulate breathing to drive lung _________ levels to produce the desired equilibrium.
CO2.
__________ is an enzyme that is located in the stomach.
Pepsin.
____________ is an enzyme that is located in the small intestine.
Trypsin.
___________ groups cannot bond and limit the entropy of nearby water molecules.
Hydrophobic.
The more hydrophobic groups are near one another the less ____________ is disrupted.
Entropy.
_____________ substances try to aggregate hydrophobic groups away from aqueous solvent.
Amphipathic.
Water __________ entropy due to interaction with any solute.
Loses.
Binding between polar groups is __________ due to water being released.
Favored.
Cell in __________ solution; no net water movement.
Isotonic
Cells in __________ solution; water moves out and cell shrinks.
Hypertonic.
Cells in ____________ solution; water moves in, creating outward pressure; cell swells, may eventually burst.
Hypotonic.
