Week 4 COPD FITB Flashcards
The primary cause of COPD is ____ smoking, which leads to an abnormal inflammatory response in the ____.
cigarette, lungs
The clinical manifestations of COPD include ____ and ____ difficulties.
breathing, airflow
The effects of cigarette smoking on the lungs include ____ and ____ inflammation.
chronic, abnormal
COPD is a preventable and treatable disease, but it is not ____ reversible.
fully
The pathophysiology of COPD involves an abnormal response to ____ particles or gases.
toxic
People with COPD often display characteristics of both ____ and ____.
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS, EMPHYSEMA
Common symptoms of COPD include ____ and ____.
Dyspnea, Shortness of breath (SOB)
The destruction of ____ is a key feature of ____ in COPD.
alveoli, Emphysema
A chronic, productive cough must last for ____ months per year for ____ years to be considered COPD.
3+, 2+
In Canada, ____ to ____ percent of COPD cases are attributed to cigarette smoking.
80, 90
Additional common symptoms of COPD include activity limitations and ____ or ____ of breath.
dyspnea, shortness
A deficiency in ____ can contribute to the development of COPD.
α 1 - Antitrypsin
Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a ____ cough lasting for a minimum of ____ months.
productive, 3
Auscultation in COPD may reveal prolonged _____ phase, wheezes, or diminished _____ sounds.
expiratory, breath
Patients with COPD may exhibit _____ muscle use and a _____ posture during breathing.
accessory, tripod
Pursed-lip breathing and a barrel chest are signs of _____ and _____ in COPD patients.
hyperinflation, air trapping
Dusky color of the skin can indicate severe _____ in COPD patients, along with other symptoms.
hypoxia
Cor pulmonale is a late manifestation of ____ with a poor prognosis, often resulting from chronic ____ and/or acidosis.
COPD, alveolar hypoxia
Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) can lead to complications such as ____ ____ depression.
acute respiratory
Chronic alveolar hypoxia and/or acidosis causes increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in _____ hypertension.
pulmonary
The hypertrophy of the right side of the heart can occur with or without ____ failure due to ____ hypertension.
heart, pulmonary
Common complications of COPD include cor pulmonale, acute exacerbations, and acute _____ _____.
respiratory failure
Pulmonary function testing (PFTs) and serum α 1 - Antitrypsin level (AAT) are part of the clinical assessment for ______________.
COPD
In older adults, COPD can lead to increased ______________ and a higher risk of ______________.
comorbidities, mortality
Oxygen therapy in COPD typically aims for SpO2 goals of ______________ to ______________ percent.
88, 92
Cognitive and visual impairments in older adults with COPD may lead to potential poor ______________ with medication regimens and a lack of ______________ support.
compliance, emotional
The prevalence of COPD is approximately ______________ times higher in First Nations, Inuit, and Metis individuals compared to other populations.
2
Possible priority nursing diagnoses for COPD include ineffective breathing pattern and _____.
ineffective airway clearance
Smoking cessation and medication adherence are crucial for managing ____ and ____ in patients.
AECOPD, chronic respiratory conditions
Long-term oxygen therapy and nutritional supplementation are part of a comprehensive approach to ____ and ____ management.
respiratory, chronic disease
Breathing exercises and pulmonary rehabilitation programs are important for improving ____ and ____ in patients.
lung function, quality of life
Vaccines such as influenza and pneumococcal are important for preventing ____ in patients with chronic respiratory issues.
infections
Prompt treatment of AECOPD and bronchodilator therapy are critical for managing ____ and ____ in patients.
exacerbations, symptoms
Corticosteroids and bronchodilator therapy are commonly used in the treatment of ____ and ____ conditions.
respiratory, inflammatory
