Week 3 - Cauda Equina Syndrome

Question 1

what is cauda equina syndrome?

Answer 1

where a large central disc prolapse can compress all the nerve roots of the cauda equina

Question 2

what are the effects of cauda equina syndrome?

Answer 2

affects sacral nerve roots (S4 and S5) which control urination and defaecation
if prolonged can cause permanent nerve damage

Question 3

what are the symptoms of cauda equina syndrome?

Answer 3

bilateral leg pain
paraesthesia/numbess - saddle anaesthesia
urinary/bowel symptoms (constipation/incontinence)

Question 4

when is cauda equina suspected until proven otherwise?

Answer 4

any patient with bilateral leg symptoms with suggestion of altered urinary/bowel function

Question 5

how is cauda equina syndrome diagnosed?

Answer 5

PR exam

urgent MRI - to determine level of prolapse

Question 6

how cauda equina syndrome treated? how successful is this?

Answer 6

urgent discectomy

leaves many patients with permanent bladder or bowel dysfunction

Question 7

cauda equina syndrome symptoms are a red flag sign, true or false?

Answer 7

true