Common Dislocations Flashcards
what is the most common cause of dislocation?
trauma
where can the shoulder dislocate?
anterior - most common
posterior
inferior - rare
who is shoulder dislocation most common in?
young adults - esp females
what is an anterior shoulder dislocation and what causes it?
humeral head is anterior to the glenoid
caused by fall with shoulder in external rotation
how do you assess axillary nerve?
assess sensation in regimental badge area
- often damaged in anterior shoulder dislocation
what is a posterior shoulder dislocation and what causes it?
humeral head posterior to glenoid
caused by fall with shoulder in internal rotation or direct blow to anterior shoulder
X ray sign of posterior shoulder dislocation?
light bulb sign
what is an inferior shoulder dislocation and what causes it?
humeral head inferior to glenoid
arm held in abduction
what must be done if inferior dislocation of shoulder?
NV assessment and reduction
how is shoulder dislocation managed?
closed reduction under sedation
open reduction
stabilisation and rehabilitation
possible reduction methods?
hippocratic
in line traction
what affects instability of shoulder after dislocation?
age at time of dislocation
- younger = higher risk of instability
what usually causes elbow dislocation?
fall onto outstretched hand
how can an elbow dislocate and who does this usually occur in?
posterior anterior medial lateral occurs in adults and children
risks with elbow dislocation?
radial head or coronoid process fracture
what moves in elbow dislocations?
ulna/radius
- humerus stays the same
what is a pulled elbow?
radial head dislocation/possible elbow dislocation due to arm being pulled upwards
how do you manage elbow dislocation?
closed reduction under sedation
open reduction is rare
2 weeks in sling and rehab