Week 2 Lymphatic System

Question 1

What is the lymphatic system ?

Answer 1

System of tissues and vessels
Scattered throughout the body
Services almost all regions

Question 2

The lymphatic vessels are a system of channels that

Answer 2

Parallel the venous blood vessels yet are more numerous

Question 3

Tissue fluid drains from the surrounding region into the lymphatic vessels as?

Answer 3

Lymph

Question 4

Lymph nodes filter

Answer 4

Lymph of a particular region
-filter and trap bacteria viruses and cancer cells

Question 5

Lymph is a fluid formed in the tissue spaces and is also known as

Answer 5

Interstitial fluid

Question 6

Lymph colour ?

Answer 6

Clear and colourless in most lymphatic vessels
-opaque and milky in lymphatic vessels from small intestine V/c of chylomicrons

Question 7

Lymphatic vessels permit only

Answer 7

One way movement of lymoh

Question 8

Lymphatic capillaries are?

Answer 8

Tiny blind ended tubes distributed in tissue space
-one cell layer of simple squamous epithelium

Question 9

Lymphatic capillaries are called what in the intestinal wall

Answer 9

Lacteals

Question 10

What are the 3 main functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 10

Fluid balance
Protection from infection
Absorption of fats

Question 11

Fluid from blood plasma that is not reabsorbed by blood vessels drains into the

Answer 11

Lymphatic vessels

Question 12

Lymphatic drainage prevent accumulation of

Answer 12

Too much tissue fluid

Question 13

What live and multiply in the lymphatic system and fight off invaders

Answer 13

Lymphocytes

Question 14

Lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine “lacterals” absorb

Answer 14

Digested fats from the villi of the small intestine

Question 15

Lymphatic system is a ___ way system

Answer 15

One way system

Question 16

Lymphatic circulation begins in the ____ and ends in the _____

Answer 16

Tissues; blood stream

Question 17

There are deep and superficial lymphatic vessels. Where are they each located

Answer 17

Superficial - directly below the skin often beside superficial veins

Deep- deep vessels are usually larger and accompany the deep veins

Question 18

Lymphatic vessels vary lymph away from regional nodes eventually draining into 1 or 2 terminal vessels which are

Answer 18

The right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Question 19

Right lymphatic duct is a short vessel that receives only the lymph from the upper right quadrant of the body meaning

Answer 19

The upper right side of the head neck thorax and right upper extremity

Question 20

Right lymphatic duct empties into the

Answer 20

Right subclavian vein

Question 21

Thoracic duct (left lymphatic duct) drains what

Answer 21

The rest of the body; all parts except those superior to diaphragm on right side
-3/4 of body

Question 22

Thoracic duct empties into the

Answer 22

Left subclavian vein

Question 23

All lymph from below the diaphragm empties into the thoracic duct through the ______ and is then carried by the thoracic duct into the_____

Answer 23

Cisterna chyli; blood

Question 24

What is chyle

Answer 24

Combo of fat globules and lymph
*milky fluid that drains from the lacteals in the small intestine

Question 25

Movement of lymph toward the heart is caused by (3)

Answer 25

Valves in lymphatic vessels Skeletal muscle contraction Breathing

Question 26

Lymph nodes are located in ?

Answer 26

Clusters along the pathway of lymphatic vessels

Question 27

Lymphoid tissue makes up the specialized organs of the lymphatic system what does it do?

Answer 27

Provides immune function Development of immune cells

Question 28

What are the functions of lymphoid organs and lymph nodes

Answer 28

Defense and WBC formation

Question 29

What do afferent lymphatic vessels carry?

Answer 29

Carry unfiltered lymph into the node

Question 30

What is an indented area which serves as the exit for efferent lymphatic vessels

Answer 30

Hilum

Question 31

What do afferent lymphatic vessels carry

Answer 31

Carry filtered lymph out of the node so that it can continue its return to the circulatory system

Question 32

NB cancer cells can easily move through lymphatic vessels to other parts of the body in a process called

Answer 32

Metastasis

Question 33

Lymph nodes are divided into 2 regions which are

Answer 33

Outer cortex (cortical nodules) Inner medulla (lymphocytes and phagocytes along sinus)

Question 34

Role of lymph nodes (3)

Answer 34

Filter the lymph Lymphocytes kill any pathogens that may be present Lymph nodes trap and destroy cancer cells

Question 35

Where are cervical nodes located

Answer 35

In the neck in deep and superficial groups

Question 36

What nodes are located in the armpits

Answer 36

Axillary

Question 37

Mesenteric nodes are found where

Answer 37

Between two layers of peritoneum that form the mesentery

Question 38

What nodes are found near the trachea and bronchial tubes

Answer 38

Tracheobronchial nodes

Question 39

Nodes located in the groin area and termed buboes when enlarged

Answer 39

Inguinal nodes

Question 40

What is the largest lymphoid organ that contains lymphoid tissue designed to filter blood

Answer 40

The spleen

Question 41

What are the 4 functions of the spleen

Answer 41

Cleanses body by filtration and phagocytosis Destroys old worn out RBC Produces RBC before birth Serves as a reservoir for blood

Question 42

Surgical removal of the spleen?

Answer 42

Splenectomy

Question 43

Studies have shown that splenectomy significantly increases?

Answer 43

Mortality from cardiovascular disease

Question 44

The thymus gland location and key role?

Answer 44

Located in upper thorax behind sternum -plays key role in early immune system development before birth and into the first few months of life until puberty

Question 45

What does the thymus produce

Answer 45

Thymosin

Question 46

Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) function?

Answer 46

Barrier against infection Helps to destroy foreign contaminants

Question 47

GALT stands for

Answer 47

Gut associated lymphoid tissue

Question 48

What are tonsils

Answer 48

Masses of lymphoid tissue that removes contaminants and traps pathogens

Question 49

What are the three different tonsils

Answer 49

Palatine Pharyngeal (adenoid) Lingual

Question 50

Lymph from the arm and breast pass through which node

Answer 50

Axillary

Question 51

What is lymphadenopathy

Answer 51

Disease of lymph nodes Enlarged nodes due to cancer and infectious diseases -early sign of HIV

Question 52

Lymphadenitis is

Answer 52

Inflammation of the lymph nodes

Question 53

What is infectious mononucleosis

Answer 53

Acute viral infection caused by herpes virus (Epstein Barr virus) -spread by saliva -common in adolescents and young adults -results in cervical lymphadenitis

Question 54

Lymphangitis is inflammation of lymphatic vessels, it is characterized by?

Answer 54

Red streaks

Question 55

Lymphedema is?

Answer 55

Edema due to obstruction of lymph flow. Caused by infection, malignant growth, loss of vessels

Question 56

What is elephantiasis

Answer 56

Form of lymphedema Enlargement of lower extremities resulting from blockage of lymphatic vessels by parasite infestation

Question 57

Splenomegaly is enlargement of the spleen due to certain acute infectious diseases such as

Answer 57

Scarlet fever Typhoid fever Syphilis A blood fluke (flatworm)

Question 58

What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 58

Chronic malignant tumour of lymph nodes Common in young men Nodes are enlarged particularly in the neck and also armpit thorax and groin

Question 59

Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Answer 59

More common than Hodgkins Affects older adults and people with deficient immune systems Early sign: enlargement of lymph nodes especially in cervical region