Blood Vessels W1 Flashcards
What is the vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transports blood to and from the lungs and body tissues
What are the 5 types of blood vessels
Venules
Veins
Arteries
Arteriole
Capillaries
Vascular system is subdivided into 2 circuits which are
Pulmonary
Systemic
Which circuit carries blood to the lungs
Pulmonary
Which circuit supplies the rest of the body
Systemic
Carry blood away from the heart and toward the capillaries in the tissues
Arteries
What are the smallest arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries allow for exchanges between
The blood and body cells
OR between the blood and airsacs in the lung tissue
Capillaries connect what 2 things
Arterioles and venules
What is the smallest vein
Venules
Venules received blood from what?
It returns it where?
Receives blood from the capillaries of the tissue area and returns it to the heart
Veins carry blood
Towards the heart
The pulmonary circuit does what 2 things
Eliminates carbon discuss from the blood
Replenishes its supply of oxygen
The pulmonary circuit includes (3)
Pulmonary arteries
Capillaries in lungs
Pulmonary veins
Pulmonary arteries trunks and its branches move towards the lungs carrying
Blood low in oxygen
Pulmonary circuit: Capillaries in lungs is where gases, nutrients and waste are exchanged. Blood becomes?
Oxygenated
Pulmonary veins contain blood that is
High in oxygen
back to the heart
What does the systemic circuit include (4)
Aorta
Systemic arteries
Systemic capillaries
Systemic veins
The aorta receives freshly
Oxygenated blood
Systemic arteries carry
Oxygenated blood to the tissues
An exchange of materials happens in systemic capillaries; what happens to the blood
Loss of oxygen
Systemic veins go back to the heart and carry blood that is
Low in oxygen
Arteries and veins have 3 layers of”tunics” which are?
Inner *simple squamous epithelial cells; endothelium
Middle *thickest; smooth muscle
Outer * supporting CT
Veins have ?
Valves
Arterioles have thinner walls that are less elastic but have more smooth muscle; what does it regulate?
Amount of blood entering various tissues at one time
What happens to Arterioles when muscle contracts and relaxes ?
Contracts: Arterioles constrict
Relax: Arterioles dilate
Capillaries have the thinnest walls of any vessels meaning they are only
One cell layer
Why are capillaries so thin?
Thinness allows for exchanges between the blood and the body cells and between the alveoli in the lungs and blood
What is the largest artery that receives blood from left ventricle and branches to all organs
The aorta
What are the 4 parts of the aorta
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Ascending aorta supplies the heart muscle through
Left and right coronary arteries
Aortic arch has 3 large branches which are?
Brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery
Aortic arch: brachiocephalic artery
The right subclavian artery supplies the
Right upper extremity
Aortic arch: brachiocephalic artery.
The right common artery supplies the
Right side of the head and neck
Aortic arch: left common carotid artery supplies the
Left side of the head and neck
Aortic arch: left subclavian artery extends under the collar bone and supplies the
Left upper extremity
Thoracic aorta supplies the
Branches to chest wall, esophagus and bronchi
Thoracic aorta includes 9-10 pairs of intercostal arteries that extend
Between the ribs reaching muscles of chest walls
Unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta extend
Anteriorly
Paired branches of the abdominal aorta extend
Laterally