Week 2 Day 2 Video 1 Sensory Basics, Reflexes, Somatosensation+, Vision Flashcards
In the sensory system, what is a main difference between touch and smell?
Smell has a receptor cell and touch does not.
What does the brain need for sensory perception?
Stimulus modality (type like heat,cold, sound) , Stimulus intensity (frequency of AP), stimulus location
How do action potentials work with the sensory system?
Action potentials can fire multiple times and reach a super threshold
What’s the difference between Rapidly adapting receptor and slowly adapting receptor?
The afferent neuron action potentials are decaying overtime with slowly adapting receptor. With rapidly adapting, it’s spotty at few points.
Where does perception occur in the brain?
Frontal lobe.
What are the factors that affect perception?
Adaptation, emotion/personality, CNS has mechanisms to turn down sensitive reception, lacking receptors for certain stimuli, damaged neural pathways, hallucinogens, mental illness
What type of muscles are reflex receptors attached to as it pertains to somatic & autonomic reflex
- Somatic reflex is attached to skeletal muscle
- autonomic reflex is attached to Smooth or cardiac muscles
What are the two types of somatic reflexes?
Monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex
What is the definition of Somatosensation?
Touch, temperature, pressure detected through the skin
What is the definition of Proprioception?
Mechanoreceptors that detect the stretch of muscles, tendons, and ligaments to determine body position in space
What are tactile receptors?
Tactile receptors deal with the somatosensation and deal with touch, pressure, and vibrations
Primary motor cortex Vs somatosensory cortex
One deals with the actual action of doing some and the other deals with the sense of it
Do temperature receptors that are dendrite endings myelinated or unmylinated?
Unmyelinated
Are tactile receptors free nerve ending myelinated or unmyelinated?
Myelinated
What do temperature somatosensory receptors have that respond to varying levels of temperature?
They contain multiple ion channels that respond to different temperatures
Describe Nociception make up?
The are dendritic endings of unmyelinated sensory neurons.
What is CIP? Congenital insensitivity to pain.
A disease that comes from birth and the people who have it can’t feel pain
What is lateral inhibition?
When you hit your head and you rub it to disperse the nociception stimulus.
Where do opiate neurotransmitters come from? Inside or outside the body?
They are endogenous inhibitors to inhibit opiate receptors. Sensation is reduced —> pain reduced .
What is Exogenous morphine?
Morphine is something outside of the body that is given to inhibit the opiate receptors. Decrease sensation —-> decrease perception of pain .
Describe what transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) does? Like the outcome?
Stimulates non-pain fibers. Similar to lateral inhibition
What is the key difference between somatic sensation and vision?
Vision for the eyes have photoreceptors that receive bent light
What is the fovea centralis?
A spot in the eye that has the highest density of photoreceptors of no blood vessels to block reception
What is accommodation as it pertains to vision?
When ciliary muscles shape lens to bend light (e.g. dilate) waves close up or further away.
