WEEK 13 (19th century) Flashcards
Who is John Snow?
Father of Epidemiology
John Snow found the source of which epidemic?
Cholera
What was the centre of medical innovation during the 19th century?
Vienna
Why was the death rate higher in the ward with doctors and students?
The doctors and students did autopsies/dissections on patients that died which were stored in rooms near the patients and they didn’t wash their hands to “save time”
Who introduced antiseptic in general medical practice?
Ignaz Semmelweis
[he got the doctors/medical students to wash their hands]
Who discovered Plant tissues made of cells?
Schleiden
Who discovered Animal tissues made of cells?
Schwann
Who discovered Benign and malignant tumour cells?
Johannes Peter Muller
Who created histologic terminology?
Henle
Who wrote Handbuch Der Physiologie Des Menschen (Manual of Human Physiology)?
Johannes Muller
Who discovered Leukemia?
Rudolph Virchow
Who wrote a report on a typhus outbreak that triggered political upheaval?
Rudolph Virchow
Who was the most influential component of Germ theory?
Louis Pasteur
Who introduced the terms ‘Aerobic’ and “Anaerobic’?
Louis Pasteur
What did Louis Pasteur’s studies lead to him discovering?
Fermentation process can be stopped by passing air through the fermenting fluid (PASTEUR EFFECT)
Who developed the overall principle of vaccination?
Louis Pasteur
Which vaccines did Louis Pasteur develop?
- Chicken cholera
- Anthrax
- Rabies
Who discovered the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis?
Robert Koch
Who’s is the Father of Bacteriology?
Robert Koch
How many Postulates did Robert Koch create?
4
Who is the Father of Modern Pharmacology?
Oswald Schmiedeberg
The application of cocaine to medicine is attributed to __________________ who found that it could numb the eye
Carl Koller
Who was Robert Liston?
- Renowned for speedy amputation
- Made use of Mesmerism
- Early adopter of ether
Who was James Simpson?
Investigated the anaesthetic effects of chloroform and found it more potent than ether
Who was the first Dr to use Chloroform as anaesthesia?
Dr James Simpson
Who was Joseph Lister?
- Found carbolic acid prevented infection in compound fractures
- He sprayed on instruments, operator’s hands, incisions and into the air itself
William Halstead’s surgeries were effectively bloodless and took a great deal of time (TRUE/FALSE)
TRUE
Who invented the surgical glove?
William Halstead
[He fell in love with a nurse and wanted to protect her hands from chemicals so he invented the surgical glove]
What were the innovations in care during the second half of the 19th century?
- Thermometer
- X-ray
- Sphygmomanometer
- Electrocardiograph
Who performed the first blood transfusion in 1818?
James Blundell
Who invented the first stethoscope in 1819?
Rene Laennec
Who was the founder of modern nursing?
Florence Nightingale
Who was the first female physician in the US in 1849?
Elizabeth Blackwell
__________ started using disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery to prevent infection in 1865
Joseph Lister
_________ founded the American Red Cross in 1881
Clara Barton
Who established principles go heredity and dominant/recessive patterns?
Gregory Mendel
Who discovered viruses in 1892?
Dimitri Ivanofski
Who discovered X-rays in 1895?
Wilhem Roentgen
Who developed vaccine for typhoid fever in 1897?
Almroth Wright
What was the average life span?
40-60 years
