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HISTORY OF MEDICINE > WEEK 13 (19th century) > Flashcards

WEEK 13 (19th century) Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is John Snow?

A

Father of Epidemiology

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2
Q

John Snow found the source of which epidemic?

A

Cholera

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3
Q

What was the centre of medical innovation during the 19th century?

A

Vienna

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4
Q

Why was the death rate higher in the ward with doctors and students?

A

The doctors and students did autopsies/dissections on patients that died which were stored in rooms near the patients and they didn’t wash their hands to “save time”

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5
Q

Who introduced antiseptic in general medical practice?

A

Ignaz Semmelweis

[he got the doctors/medical students to wash their hands]

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6
Q

Who discovered Plant tissues made of cells?

A

Schleiden

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7
Q

Who discovered Animal tissues made of cells?

A

Schwann

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8
Q

Who discovered Benign and malignant tumour cells?

A

Johannes Peter Muller

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9
Q

Who created histologic terminology?

A

Henle

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10
Q

Who wrote Handbuch Der Physiologie Des Menschen (Manual of Human Physiology)?

A

Johannes Muller

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11
Q

Who discovered Leukemia?

A

Rudolph Virchow

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12
Q

Who wrote a report on a typhus outbreak that triggered political upheaval?

A

Rudolph Virchow

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13
Q

Who was the most influential component of Germ theory?

A

Louis Pasteur

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14
Q

Who introduced the terms ‘Aerobic’ and “Anaerobic’?

A

Louis Pasteur

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15
Q

What did Louis Pasteur’s studies lead to him discovering?

A

Fermentation process can be stopped by passing air through the fermenting fluid (PASTEUR EFFECT)

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16
Q

Who developed the overall principle of vaccination?

A

Louis Pasteur

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17
Q

Which vaccines did Louis Pasteur develop?

A
  • Chicken cholera
  • Anthrax
  • Rabies
18
Q

Who discovered the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis?

A

Robert Koch

19
Q

Who’s is the Father of Bacteriology?

A

Robert Koch

20
Q

How many Postulates did Robert Koch create?

A

4

21
Q

Who is the Father of Modern Pharmacology?

A

Oswald Schmiedeberg

22
Q

The application of cocaine to medicine is attributed to __________________ who found that it could numb the eye

A

Carl Koller

23
Q

Who was Robert Liston?

A
  • Renowned for speedy amputation
  • Made use of Mesmerism
  • Early adopter of ether
24
Q

Who was James Simpson?

A

Investigated the anaesthetic effects of chloroform and found it more potent than ether

25
Q

Who was the first Dr to use Chloroform as anaesthesia?

A

Dr James Simpson

26
Q

Who was Joseph Lister?

A
  • Found carbolic acid prevented infection in compound fractures
  • He sprayed on instruments, operator’s hands, incisions and into the air itself
27
Q

William Halstead’s surgeries were effectively bloodless and took a great deal of time (TRUE/FALSE)

A

TRUE

28
Q

Who invented the surgical glove?

A

William Halstead

[He fell in love with a nurse and wanted to protect her hands from chemicals so he invented the surgical glove]

29
Q

What were the innovations in care during the second half of the 19th century?

A
  • Thermometer
  • X-ray
  • Sphygmomanometer
  • Electrocardiograph
30
Q

Who performed the first blood transfusion in 1818?

A

James Blundell

31
Q

Who invented the first stethoscope in 1819?

A

Rene Laennec

32
Q

Who was the founder of modern nursing?

A

Florence Nightingale

33
Q

Who was the first female physician in the US in 1849?

A

Elizabeth Blackwell

34
Q

__________ started using disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery to prevent infection in 1865

A

Joseph Lister

35
Q

_________ founded the American Red Cross in 1881

A

Clara Barton

36
Q

Who established principles go heredity and dominant/recessive patterns?

A

Gregory Mendel

37
Q

Who discovered viruses in 1892?

A

Dimitri Ivanofski

38
Q

Who discovered X-rays in 1895?

A

Wilhem Roentgen

39
Q

Who developed vaccine for typhoid fever in 1897?

A

Almroth Wright

40
Q

What was the average life span?

A

40-60 years

HISTORY OF MEDICINE (14 decks)

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