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HISTORY OF MEDICINE > WEEK 10 (Renaissance Medicine) > Flashcards

WEEK 10 (Renaissance Medicine) Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe Renaissance Medicine

A
  • Age of artistic creation
  • Start of modern medicine and science
  • Age of extreme fifth in the cities & worldwide spread of disease
  • Believed in witches
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2
Q

What are the correlations between art and medicine?

A
  • Anatomy was influenced by art
  • Thousand-year-old schematic illustrations were replaced by new realistic designs
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3
Q

Doctors, Apothecaries and Painters in Florence belonged to the same guild (TRUE/FALSE)

A

TRUE

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4
Q

Who was Leonardo Da Vinci?

A

An artist, scientist and engineer who left a great number of anatomical drawings of unprecedented quality based on numerous dissections

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5
Q

Which decree allowed both physicians and artist to dissect?

A

Sixtus’s decree

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6
Q

What was the Posthumous book of Antonio Benivieni on hidden causes of disease?

A
  • Published in Florence in 1507
  • One of the first attempts to establish a close connection between autopsy findings and clinical observation during life
  • Work covered 22 case reports
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7
Q

What was important about Jean Fernel?

A
  • Regarded gonorrhoea as a separate disease (though final separation only in the middle of the 19th century)
  • Opposed to astrology
  • Criticised Galen but was still faithful to old humoural theories
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8
Q

What did Jean Fernel provide descriptions of?

A
  • Clinical signs of influenza
  • Mode of infection in Syphilis
  • Postmortem findings in tuberculosis, ulcerative endocarditis, a stone filling the renal pelvis
  • Perforated appendix
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9
Q

What was important about Guillaume de Baillou?

A
  • The first clinical description of whooping cough
  • Introduced the notion of rheumatism
  • Revived the epidemiological theories of Hippocrates
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10
Q

When was Bedside teaching introduced?

A

Renaissance period

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11
Q

The name “Syphilis” is derived from the poem of _____________________

A

Girolamo Fracastoro

[Girolamo Fracastoro was a physician, poem, physicist, geologist and astrologist]

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12
Q

What was Syphilis generally called?

A
  • French disease
  • Neapolitan disease
  • Big pox
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13
Q

What were the theories behind Syphilis?

A
  • Syphilis was already prevalent in Europe and in the rest of the world
  • The French acquired from Spaniards at Naples and Spaniards were infected through the sailors of Columbus
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14
Q

What theory was Girolamo Fracastoro (Fracastorius) famous for?

A

He concluded that epidemic diseases were produced by small germs which had the power to multiply in the body of patient -> These were spread either from person to person, at a distance or through infected objects -> Therapeutics deduced from his theory

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15
Q

Which diseases did Girolamo Fracastoro describe and analyse?

A
  • Smallpox
  • Measles
  • Bubonic plague
  • Phtisisis
  • Leprosy
  • English sweat
  • Syphilis
  • Typhus
  • Several skin diseases
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16
Q

Who was Berengarius of Carpi?

A
  • Provided first anatomical drawings based on more than a hundred dissections
  • Described a great number of new structures (sphenoid sinus, appendix and hepatic circulation)
17
Q

Who is the father of Modern Anatomy?

A

Andreas Vesalius

18
Q

What was Andreas Vesalius famous for?

A
  • Dissections convinced him that Galen was wrong about many aspects of human anatomy and function
  • He wrote “de Humani Corporis Fabrica”
    [with Stephen van Calcar]
19
Q

What did Eustachius describe?

A
  • Eustachian tubes
  • The suprarenals
  • The thoracic duct
  • The abducens nerve
20
Q

Who is the Father of Toxicology?

A

Paracelsus

21
Q

What was important about Paracelsus?

A
  • Described different toxins and how to differentiate them
  • How to determine if a toxin was treatment or poison
22
Q

Who was the first to connect goitre and cretinism?

A

Paracelsus

23
Q

Who was the first to write a book on miners’ disease?

A

Paracelsus

24
Q

Describe surgery during the Renaissance period

A
  • Rebirth of surgery and its elevation to a much higher level
  • Lowly barbers became surgeons
  • Introduction of gunpowder = An increased need for the surgeons
25
Q

What was important about Ambrose Pare?

A
  • A French barber who was too poor to join academic surgeons so became a surgeon in the French army -> finally got the title “surgeon” after his achievements
  • Stopped the practice of castration in hernia repair
  • Went back to CAUTERISATION-ONLY
26
Q

Who is the father of Surgery?

A

Ambrose Pare

HISTORY OF MEDICINE (14 decks)

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