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Clinical Medicine - OT > Week 12 - Health issues for an Ageing Population Part 1 > Flashcards

Week 12 - Health issues for an Ageing Population Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why does an ageing population occur?

A

Decreased birth rates

Increased life expectancy

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2
Q

Why is life span longer?

A 
Sanitation
Standards of living
Medical care
Technology
Access to health care
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3
Q

What are the impacts of ageing populations?

A

Labour force participation
Demand for skilled labour
Housing
Health

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4
Q

What is Young Old?

A

65-74

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5
Q

What is middle old?

A

75-85 years

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6
Q

What is old old?

A

85 and older

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7
Q

What are the health issues of ageing?

A

Reduction in organ or system function
Increased susceptibility to disease and increased morbidity
Higher use of hospital services

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8
Q

What % of people over 85 have 5 or more comorbidities?

A

70%

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9
Q

What percentage of people over 85 have a disability?

A

81%

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10
Q

What is frailty?

A

Ageing related syndrome of physiological decline, characterised by marked vulnerability to adverse health outcomes

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11
Q

What are the 5 main signs of frailty?

A 
Unintentional weight loss
Exhaustion
Low physical activity level
Slow physical performance
Weakness
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12
Q

What are the most common conditions affecting older australians?

A 
Cognitive impairment
Falls and balance issues
Heart disease
Osteoarthritis
Chronic respiratory illness
Hearing impairment
Visual impairment
Cancer
Kidney disease
Diabetes
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13
Q

What are neurological changes in ageing?

A 
Brain size reduced
Neuronal size reduced
Nerve conduction slows
Decreased vestibular function
Reduction in processing speed and working memory
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14
Q

What are cardiovascular changes in ageing?

A

Cardiovascular

  • reduction in cardiac muscle cells
  • more fat and connective tissue
  • maximum heart rate declines
  • overall reduction in cardiac output
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15
Q

What are physiological changes in ageing?

A 
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Musculoskeletal
Digestive system
Renal system
Immune system
Vision
Hearing
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16
Q

What are respiratory changes in ageing?

A

Reduced mobility of rib cage
Reduced vital capacity
Changes to ventilation and perfusion
Reduced cough and ciliary action

17
Q

What are musculoskeletal changes in ageing?

A 
Decreased muscle mass
Decreased bone mass
Decreased joint ROM
Impaired balance
Reaction time increases
18
Q

What are digestive system changes in ageing?

A

Decreased peristalsis
Dental caries and loss of teeth
Decreased taste
Decreased saliva production

19
Q

What vision changes in ageing?

A 
Changes in depth and colour perception
Increased sensitivity to glare
Decline in visual acuity
Difficulty accommodating to changes in light
Reduced peripheral vision
20
Q

What are the causes of hearing impairment?

A

Medical or chemical exposures
Childhood illness
Occupational exposure
Age related cochlear degeneration.

Clinical Medicine - OT (35 decks)

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