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Clinical Medicine - OT > Week 1 - Frameworks for health, disability and functioning > Flashcards

Week 1 - Frameworks for health, disability and functioning Flashcards

1
Q

What it the wellness model of health?

A

Health promotion and progress towards higher

functioning, energy, comfort and integration of mind, body and spirit.

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2
Q

What is the Environmental model of health?

A

The adaptation to physical and social surroundings – a balance free from undue pain, discomfort or disability.

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3
Q

A holistic understanding and recognition of the multiple determinants of health is a feature of what model of health?

A

The primary healthcare model.

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4
Q

Which model of health emphasises the importance of the physical and social determinants of health?

A

The environmental model of health

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5
Q

True or false: Equity in health care and community participation and control over health care services are part of the Primary health care model?

A

True

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6
Q

True or false: A focus on the individual’s medical problems and not the broader contextual issues that provide both incentives and barriers to the health of individuals and communities is a feature of the Environmental model of health?

A

False. In the environmental model, focus is not on the individual’s medical problems but on the broader contextual issues that provide both incentives and barriers to the health of individuals and communities.

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7
Q

A focus on health promotion and disease prevention, accessible, affordable, and acceptable technology and health services based on research methods represents which model of health?

A

The primary health care model

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8
Q

How does Primary health care view health?

A

As positive wellbeing

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9
Q

In the primary health care approach, who has control over health?

A

Communities and individuals

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10
Q

What is the major focus of the primary health care approach?

A

Health through equity and community empowerment

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11
Q

Who provides healthcare under the primary health care approach?

A

A multidisciplinary team

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12
Q

What is the primary health care approach’s strategy for health?

A

Multi-sectorial collaboration

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13
Q

What is the Primary care or selective biomedical model view of health?

A

Absence of disease

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14
Q

Who has control over health in the Primary care or selective biomedical model?

A

Medical practitioners

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15
Q

What is the major focus of the Primary care or selective biomedical model?

A

Disease eradication through medical interventions

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16
Q

Who provides health care under the Primary care or selective biomedical model?

A

Doctors

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17
Q

What is the Primary care or selective biomedical model strategy for health?

A

Medical interventions

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18
Q

What is the family of international classifications (FIC)

A

A common language and framework related to health and health management

It can compare health information internationally and nationally and comparisons within and between populations

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19
Q

What is the ICD-10

A

International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems

It is a standard diagnostic classification for epidemiological and health management purposes

Diseases are classified by system/organ OR cause

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20
Q

What is the ICF?

A

International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

It is the international standard for measuring health and disability and provides common language and framework

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21
Q

What is the ICHI?

A

International Classification of Health Interventions

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22
Q

What is the purpose of the FIC reference classifications?

A

Provides a common tool for reporting and analysing the distribution and evolution of health interventions for statistical purposes.

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23
Q

What is the purpose of the ICD10?

A
  • Provides common language
  • Storage and retrieval of information for clinical and epidemiological purposes
  • Define diseases, study disease patterns, manage health care, monitor outcomes, allocate resources
  • Analysis of general health situation of groups
  • Monitoring of incidence and prevalence of health problems in relation to other variables
  • Classify health problems on health records
  • Compilation of National mortality and morbidity statistics
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24
Q

How do the ICF and ICD10 compliment each other?

A
  • The ICF classifies functioning and disability associated with health conditions and looks at environmental factors; while
  • The ICD 10 looks more at classifying health conditions (disease, disorders, injuries etc. but does not have focus on functioning)
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25
Q

What is disability?

A

A complex phenomena - an interaction between features of the person and features of their context.

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26
Q

What are body functions?

A

Physiological functions (circulation, respiration, motor, sensory, auditory) and psychological functions (attention, memory, perception, emotion).

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27
Q

Circulation would be classified in the ICF as a?

A

Body function

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28
Q

Memory would be classified in the ICF under?

A

Body function

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29
Q

What are body structures?

A

organs, limbs and components

30
Q

Heart disease would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Body functions and structures

31
Q

Anxiety would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Body functions and structures

32
Q

Paralysis would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Body functions and structures

33
Q

What is Activity in relation to the ICF?

A

The execution of a task or action, eg. grasping, walking, dressing, learning, speaking

34
Q

What are activity limitations?

A

Difficulties in executing activities eg. unable to grasp, unable to walk.

35
Q

Walking would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Activity

36
Q

Being unable to grasp would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Activity

37
Q

Learning under the ICF is classified as?

A

Activity

38
Q

What is participation in the ICF?

A

Involvement in life situations, eg participating in work, recreation, community life, leisure, social roles, education.

39
Q

What is a participation restriction in the ICF?

A

Problems in involvement in life situations, eg. unable to work, unable to live independently.

40
Q

Work would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Participation

41
Q

Education would be classified under the ICF as?

A

Participation

42
Q

If a patient is unable to access the community, this would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Participation

43
Q

What are environmental factors in the ICF?

A

Elements of the physical, social and attitudinal
environment in which people live and conduct their
lives

44
Q

Attitudes would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Environment

45
Q

Services are classified in the ICF as?

A

Environment

46
Q

The home of the patient is classified in the ICF as?

A

Environment

47
Q

True or false: The environment can both facilitate and be a barrier to individual function.

A

True

48
Q

True or false: Environment concerns only the individual factors of the person using the ICF?

A

False, it includes individual and societal factors

49
Q

What are personal factors in the ICF?

A

The background of individual’s life, not part of health

condition.

50
Q

Gender would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Personal

51
Q

Lifestyle would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Personal

52
Q

Education level would be classified in the ICF as?

A

Personal

53
Q

True or false: Personal factors only facilitates individual function?

A

False, it is both facilitating and a barrier to individual function

54
Q

What is Aetiology?

A

The study of a cause of disease

55
Q

What looks at the factors involved in the development of disease, the susceptibility of the person, the nature of the disease agent and how the person is invaded?

A

Aetiology

56
Q

What is Pathology?

A

The study of the characteristics, causes and effects of disease as observed in the structure and function of the body

57
Q

Testing is an example of?

A

Pathology

58
Q

What is pathophysiology?

A

The study of the disturbance of normal mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions, either caused by a disease, or resulting from a disease or abnormal syndrome or condition

59
Q

What does objective mean?

A

Measurable, quantifiable and observable data collected

60
Q

What does subjective mean?

A

The patient’s perception of their experience

61
Q

What are signs?

A

An objective evidence of disease especially as observed and interpreted by the physician

62
Q

What are symptoms?

A

Subjective evidence of disease or physical disturbance observed by the patient

63
Q

Is high blood pressure a sign or symptom?

A

Sign

64
Q

Is a skin rash a sign or symptom?

A

Sign

65
Q

Is high blood sugar a sign or symptom?

A

Sign

66
Q

Is lower back pain a sign or symptom?

A

Symptom

67
Q

Is fatigue a sign or symptom?

A

Symptom

68
Q

Is a headache a sign or symptom?

A

Symptom

69
Q

Is difficulty swallowing a sign or symptom?

A

Symptom

70
Q

What is medical management?

A

The system of care and treatment of a disease

71
Q

What is prognosis?

A

The prospect of survival and recovery from a disease as anticipated from the usual course of that disease

Clinical Medicine - OT (35 decks)

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