Week 1 - Drug therapy and Medication Flashcards
What settings do pharmacists work in?
- Hospital
- Community pharmacy
- Public health
- Pharmaceutical advisors
- Industry pharmacy
- Government
True or false: Medication is the most common type of intervention?
True
What are medicines?
Any substance or combination of substances which may be administered to human beings or animals with a view to making a medical diagnosis or to restoring, correcting, or modifying physiological functions in human beings or animals.
What are the ways medication can be taken?
- Taken orally
- Administered by injection
- Inhalation
- Suppository
- topical application
What are the 3 ways injected medicine can be administered?
- Subcutaneously
- Intramuscularly
- Intravenously
What are the 3 ways medicines are categorised?
- Schedule system
- Legal requirements
- Categories
What are some categories of medication?
Antibiotics analgesics antifungal antiviral antihypertensives
How can patients obtain medication?
- Private prescriptions
- PBS funded medication
- non-registered medications eg. special access schemes or medical trials
- illicit drugs
- family and friends
- over the counter
- complementary medicine
How are medications controlled in Australia?
Federal, state and hospital controls
What are the 2 federal controls of medication?
Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)
National drugs and poisons schedule committee
True or false: S1 in the national drug and poisons schedule committee is intentionally left blank?
True
Panadol belongs to which schedule?
S2 - pharmacy medicines
True or false: S3 is prescription only medicines?
False, S3 is pharmacy only medicines eg ventolin
What category is S4?
Prescription only medication
What category is Poisons?
S6
True or false: Opioid drugs are S8?
True
What category is S7?
Dangerous poisons
What category are illicit drugs?
S9
What are the 2 state controls of medication in Victoria?
- Drug, poisons and controlled substances act 1981
- Drug, poisons and controlled substances regulations 2017
What 3 considerations need to be made when deciding on route of administration?
- Type of medication
- Metabolism of medication
- Systemic or local effects
What is the buccal route?
Buccal administration involves placing a drug between the gums and upper lip/cheek where it dissolves and is absorbed into your blood.
What is sublingual?
Medication taken under the tongue
What are the 3 advantages of the buccal route?
- quick onset of action
- avoid first pass
- can be used in reduced consciousness
What are some issues of the buccal route?
- patient not understanding not to swallow
- storage and expiry of sprays
What are the 3 advantages of oral route medication?
- Simple
- self administered
- Safe
What are 4 disadvantages of oral route medication?
- Slow onset
- Metabolism
- variable absorption
- Swallowing difficulties eg, nil by mouth
What are 4 dosage forms of oral route medication?
- Tablets
- Capsules
- Effervescent/Dispersible
- Liquid
What are the advantages of the inhalation route?
- target dose to reduce side affects
- rapid absorption in anaesthetics