Week 10 Slides

Question 1

A bleak time for social psychology

Answer 1

• 1950s - 1970s
• Classic studies revealed negative side of humanity
• ethics of psychology experiments were questioned

Question 2

Conformity

Answer 2

• People yield to real or imagined pressure
• ## Change to be consistent with the group or others expectations

Question 3

Social Norms

Answer 3

Attitudes and standards of behaviour expected by particular groups

Question 4

Obedience

Answer 4

A form of compliance that occurs when we follow direct commands.
- usually refers to someone in a position of authority

Question 5

Social Roles

Answer 5

socially defined ways of behaving that we consider to be acceptable
- ways of defining positions in a group

Question 6

Social Identity

Answer 6

• how we engage with others to build a group identity

- allows us to insulate ourselves from stressors

Question 7

Deindividuation

Answer 7

• process of losing personal identity as a result of being part of a group
• Zimbardo found deindividuation occurred in his simulated prison

Question 8

Prosocial Behaviour

Answer 8

Any behaviour that benefits others such as helping cooperation and sympathy

Question 9

Altruism

Answer 9

• behaviour that is aimed at helping others.
• requires self sacrifice and is not for personal gain
• Batson (2006) says we help out of empathy

Question 10

Empathy

Answer 10

The ability to take the perspective of others

Question 11

Commitment

Answer 11

We are more likely to behave in an altruistic way if we are commited to our relationships and groups

Question 12

Social Responsibility Norms

Answer 12

• Cultures vary in their norms for helping others

- These are their levles of social norms

Question 13

Social Facilitation

Answer 13

• positive or negative effect on performance that can be attributed to others
• the others can be observers or participants

Question 14

Audience Effects

Answer 14

• The impact of passive spectators on performance

- heightens arousal and dominant response is enhanced

Question 15

Social loafing

Answer 15

The tendency to make less effort when working in a group rather than when alone

Question 16

Bystander Effect

Answer 16

• People are less likely to provide help when they are in groups rather than when alone

Question 17

Diffusion of Responsibility

Answer 17

• Similar to deindividuation
• people feel that someone else will handle it if there are more people around
• People feel that acting outside of their own comfort zone is inappropriate and prefer to act according to regular social convention
• onlookers less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous

Question 18

Group Polarisation

Answer 18

• when a group decision shifts to an extreme position after a discussion

Question 19

Group Think

Answer 19

• when a desire for solidarity outweighs other considerations
• often leads to poor decisions