Week 10 Slides Flashcards
A bleak time for social psychology
- 1950s - 1970s
- Classic studies revealed negative side of humanity
- ethics of psychology experiments were questioned
Conformity
- People yield to real or imagined pressure
- ## Change to be consistent with the group or others expectations
Social Norms
Attitudes and standards of behaviour expected by particular groups
Obedience
A form of compliance that occurs when we follow direct commands.
- usually refers to someone in a position of authority
Social Roles
socially defined ways of behaving that we consider to be acceptable
- ways of defining positions in a group
Social Identity
- how we engage with others to build a group identity
- allows us to insulate ourselves from stressors
Deindividuation
- process of losing personal identity as a result of being part of a group
- Zimbardo found deindividuation occurred in his simulated prison
Prosocial Behaviour
Any behaviour that benefits others such as helping cooperation and sympathy
Altruism
- behaviour that is aimed at helping others.
- requires self sacrifice and is not for personal gain
- Batson (2006) says we help out of empathy
Empathy
The ability to take the perspective of others
Commitment
We are more likely to behave in an altruistic way if we are commited to our relationships and groups
Social Responsibility Norms
- Cultures vary in their norms for helping others
- These are their levles of social norms
Social Facilitation
- positive or negative effect on performance that can be attributed to others
- the others can be observers or participants
Audience Effects
- The impact of passive spectators on performance
- heightens arousal and dominant response is enhanced
Social loafing
The tendency to make less effort when working in a group rather than when alone
Bystander Effect
- People are less likely to provide help when they are in groups rather than when alone
Diffusion of Responsibility
- Similar to deindividuation
- people feel that someone else will handle it if there are more people around
- People feel that acting outside of their own comfort zone is inappropriate and prefer to act according to regular social convention
- onlookers less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous
Group Polarisation
- when a group decision shifts to an extreme position after a discussion
Group Think
- when a desire for solidarity outweighs other considerations
- often leads to poor decisions