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Individual, Society and Culture > Slides Week 8 > Flashcards

Slides Week 8 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Personality Disorders

A
  • Associated with significantly adverse feelings about self and others
  • interferes with personal function in many aspects of life
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2
Q

10 types of Personality Disorders

A
  1. Paranoid Personality Disorder
  2. Schizoid Personality Disorder
  3. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
  4. Antisocial Personality Disorder
  5. Borderline Personality Disorder
  6. Histrionic Personality
  7. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
  8. Avoidant Personality Disorder
  9. Dependent Personality Disorder
  10. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
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3
Q

Comorbidity

A
  • the existence of two or more diseases or conditions in the same individual at the same time
  • Substance abuse is often co-morbid with mental distress
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4
Q

Diagnosing Children

A
  • Autism Spectrum
  • ADHD
  • ODD or Conduct Disorder
  • Separation Anxiety
  • Eating Disorders
  • Cyclothymia
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5
Q

Diagnosing Older Persons

A
  • Stigma in getting older
  • Cognitive Decline
  • Clinician Judgement
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6
Q

Approaches to Psychopathology

A
  • Clinical Description
  • Causation (etiology)
  • Treatment and Outcome
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7
Q

Psychotherapy

A

The professional treatment of Psychological Disorders

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8
Q

Behaviour Therapies

A

Focusing on the notion that abnormal behaviour is learned

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9
Q

Biomedical Therapies

A

Physiological interventions to reduce the symptoms

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10
Q

4 concepts of treating with psychoanalysis

A
  • Free Association
  • Dream Analysis
  • Resistance
  • Transference
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11
Q

Free Association

A
  • spontaneous expression of thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur
  • minimise censorship
  • study free association for clues about the unconscious motivations
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12
Q

Dream Analysis

A
  • Client is trained to remember their dreams
  • therapist analyses the symbolism of the dream
  • therapist interprets the dream meaning
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13
Q

Resistance

A
  • unconcious defense manouvres intended to derail therapy
  • clients resist because disturbing unconscious conflict is painful
  • management of resistance must be careful and sensitive
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14
Q

Transference

A
  • When a client relates to their therapist in ways that mimic their critical relationships
  • client may re-enact this relationship in therapy
  • this can bring unconscious or repressed feeling s to the surface
  • can allow progress to managing internal conflict
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15
Q

Client Centered Therapy

A
  • Developed by Carl Rogers
  • people have free will
  • tend to seek good lives and rational choices
  • emotionally supportive
  • clients determine pace and direction of therapy
  • incongruence makes people feel threatened by reality which leads to anxiety
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16
Q

Rogers 3 main elements of Client Centered Therapy

A
  • Genuineness or Congruence
  • Unconditional Positive Regard
  • Empathy
17
Q

Positive Psychology

A
  • Developed by Martin Seligman
  • studies positive aspects of the human condition
  • well being therapy, mindfulness training etc
18
Q

Group Therapy

A
  • several clients (7-10) meet regularly with a therapist
  • less expensive than individual therapy
  • clients can give and receive emotional support
  • clients can provide feedback to one another
19
Q

Behavioural Therapy

A
  • Models appropriate response to a feared stimulus in gradual steps
  • model step by step gradual associations with therapist suport
20
Q

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

A
  • Assumes maladaptive behaviour can result from irrational thoughts, beleifs and ideas
    Thoughts → Emotion → Behaviour → Thoughts again
21
Q

Types of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

A
  1. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy - Albert Ellis 1973
  2. Cognitive Therapy Aaron Beck 1976
    - there many types of CBT
    - Use verbal interentions and behaviour modification to change maladaptive thinking
22
Q

Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT)

A
  • Interactional way that behaviour thoughts and feelings interact
    A = Activating Events
    B = Beliefs (Rational or Irrational)
    C = Consequences (Healthy or Unhealthy Emotions)
23
Q

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

A
  • Developed by Aaron Beck (1976)
  • strategies to correct thinking errors beneath mental distress; particularly depression
  • focuses on the quality of the therapeutic relationship
  • Stop negative thoughts as they occur
  • replace negative thoughts with objective ones
  • learn realistic ways of looking at things
24
Q

Describe CBT

A
  • Therapist is the teacher
  • warm personal relationship with therapist is not necessary
  • method used is based on the client’s disorder
25
Q

Describe REBT

A
  • Stresses the quality of the therapeutic relationship is essential
  • Highly directive, persuasive and confrontive
  • Client discovers misconceptions for themselves
  • method used depends on personality of client
26
Q

Biomedical Therapies

A
  • Therapy based on assumption that psychological disorders are symptoms of underlying physical problems
    • Drug Therpay
      = ECG (shock) therapy
      = Brain stimulation
27
Q

ECT

A
  • Biomedical Treatment where electric shock is used
  • produces cortical seizures and convulsions
  • treats major depressive disorder
  • still considered more of a placebo

Individual, Society and Culture (16 decks)

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