Lecture Week 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Defining Psychology
A
Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes
2
Q
What are Behaviours
A
Behaviours are actions that can be directly observed
3
Q
What are Mental Processes
A
- Mental Processes are experiences
- they cannot be observed directly
- include thoughts and feelings
4
Q
Wilhelm Wundt
A
- 1832-1920
- Known as the father of psychology
- studied the structure of the mind
- used introspection as a tool to study the mind
5
Q
Structuralists
A
- Studied the structure of the mind
- analysed basic elements of consciousness
6
Q
Functionalists
A
- Focused on the purpose and function of the consciousness
7
Q
Sigmund Freud
A
- 1856 - 1939
- Emphasised that the unconscious affects behavour
- suggested that sexuality had a strong influence on the unconscious
8
Q
John B Watson
A
- 1878 - 1958
- Said psychology should only study observable behaviour
- Launched Behaviourism
9
Q
B.F. Skinner
A
- -1904 - 1990
- Argued that organisms (animals and people) repeat responses with good consequences and don’t repeat responses with bad or neutral consequences
- said that free will is an illusion
- also said everything is determined by consequences
10
Q
Emergence of Modern Psychology
A
- Humanistic
- Cognitive
- Neuroscience
- Evolutionary Psychology
- Positive Psychology
11
Q
Seven Unifying themes of Psychology
A
- Empirical
- Theoretically Diverse
- Evolves in socio-historical context
- Determine by multiple causes
- Shaped by Cultural Heritage
- Heredity and Environment jointly influence behaviour
- Peoples experience of the world is subjective
