Lecture Week 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Sensitivity to Diagnosis Labels

A
  • Sometimes labels are helpful in understanding and treating individuals
  • Sometimes labels are confronting and restrictive to individual’s self esteem
  • Never refer to a person by their diagnosis alone as this is stigmatising and demeaning.
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2
Q

Danger in using a label alone

A
  • Some people do not experience mental distress in the same way.
  • e.g. schizophrenia has 9 symptoms but a person need only present with 5.
  • There is a massive difference in the experience of separate individuals who express 5 different symptoms but still have the same diagnosis
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3
Q

The Five P’s of Case Formulation

A
  1. Presenting problem
  2. Predisposing factors
  3. Precipitants
  4. Perpetuating factors
  5. Protective/positive
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4
Q

The Five P’s of Case Formulation - Presenting problem

A
  • What is the client’s problem list?
  • What are DSM diagnoses?
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5
Q

The Five P’s of Case Formulation - Predisposing factors

A
  • Over the person’s lifetime, what factors contributed to the development of the problem?
  • Think biopsychosocial
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6
Q

The Five P’s of Case Formulation - Precipitants

A
  • Why now?
  • What are triggers or events that exacerbated the problem?
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7
Q

The Five P’s of Case Formulation - Perpetuating factors

A
  • What factors are likely to maintain the problem?
  • Are there issues that the problem will worsen, if not addressed
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8
Q

The Five P’s of Case Formulation - Protective/positive factors

A
  • What are client strengths that can be drawn upon?
  • Are there any social supports or community resources?
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9
Q

The language of diagnosis

A
  • Words like o Suffering from
    • o He has “x”
    • o Has been diagnosed with . . .

Can be powerful and negative and can disempower the person.

    • I prefer to used
      • Is living/has lived with
      • Has experienced or is experiencing

Because they are less inflammatory

  • but some people prefer terms like Suffering because that is the experience for them.

Try to use your clients language to reflect

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10
Q

Comorbidity

A
  • When a client presents with multiple diagnoses of mental health
  • The comorbidity rate of multiple diagnoses in clients is 80%
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11
Q

Highest types of comorbidities are . . .

A
  • Anxiety and Depression
  • Addiction and Mental Distress
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12
Q

What classifies abnormal psychology

A
  • Emotions on their own do not classify mental illness
  • It is really a question of severity and duration
  • It is also important to note if the emotions interferes with Activities of Daily Living
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13
Q

Define Deviance in Psychology

A

Thoughts and behaviours that deviate from the current norms

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14
Q

What can be considered abnormal or psychopathology?

A
  • Difficult to draw a line between normal and abnormal
  • Diagnoses require judgement about where behaviour falls on a spectrum of behaviours
  • Of note we look at
    • Deviance
    • Personal Distress
    • Maladaptive Behaviours
  • All three do not have to be met to diagnose psychological disorder
  • Psychopathology is often defined socially
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15
Q

Is evil inherently diagnosable Mental Illness

A
  • This is subjective, Evil is a concept of morality that is subjective
  • Sometimes people commit crimes and morally offensive acts regardless of right and wrong
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16
Q

Dialectics

A

The idea that there is no absolute right and wrong

17
Q

Percentage of prevalence of mental illness in Australia

A
  • 20% or one in 5 people will be diagnosed or experienced mental illness in the last 12 months
  • The lifetime prevalence is just under 50%; 49.2%

It turns out that Mental Illness is actually NOT abnormal

18
Q

Diathesis Stress Model

A
  • Life events + genetic vulnerability determines the level of severity of the Mental disturbance
  • Studies of 911 found that PTSD occurred in people who did not have support network to come home to and who already had high stress before the event.
19
Q

Diathesis treatment options

A

Look at improving psychosocial stress factors in an individual to improve outcomes

20
Q

Australian Cultural factors for mental distress

A
  • Around cognition and negative thought
  • Life is meaningless
  • Things wont change or get better
  • Considered higher order symptoms because they required a lot of thinking
21
Q

African Cultural factors for mental distress

A
  • Report more symptoms like catatonia
  • Mental distress presents in a more physical way
  • Stressors around safety or nutrition and basic physical needs are more prevalent
22
Q

DSM-5

A

Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders v5

23
Q

ICD-10

A
  • International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems
  • Kind of like European equivalent to DSM-5
  • Includes physical disease as well as mental disorders
  • less focused on checklists than DSM-5
24
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A
  • Both Bipolar 1 & 2 have depressive lows
  • Osscilate between Mania and Depression highs and lows
    *
25
Q

Bipolar 1

A
  • Manic Highs that are quite marked in intensity
  • often accompanied by sleep loss for several days
  • far and extreme forms of happy
  • often engage in risky behaviours
  • Mania lasts for around 7 days
26
Q

Bipolar 2

A
  • Hyper manic phases
  • mania is not quite as high in intensity
  • doesn’t last as long as BPD 1
  • Lasts around 4 days
    *