Week 1 PP Flashcards
What is the study of nutrition?
It is the science of how the body uses food for development, growth, repair, and maintenance
What are nutrients?
The components in food that supply the elements necessary to meet the body’s requirements for energy, growth, maintenance, and well-being.
Is “you are what you eat” true?
Yes - because food is used for build and repair the body
therefore food choices must be based on sound information & knowledge
What may malnutrition during critical periods result in?
Physical & mental disability
What is the benefit of being well-nourished?
they are usually better able to heal and ward off infections than poorly nourished individuals
When is proper nutrition critical?
-during childhood
-when pregnant (fetus formation)
-seniors
-after oral surgery or other dental procedures
As a DA, you wil be discussing nutrition and food choices with patients in a variety of circumstances including..
- Counseling patients about the prevention of tooth decay
- Counseling patients regarding their diet following oral surgery
or other dental procedures - Counseling patients with a removable prosthesis
- Counseling patients who have orthodontic appliances on
their teeth with regards to food choices - Preforming dietary analysis with patients
What are the legalitites & ethics in regard to nutrition counselling as a DA?
-information provided to a patient needs to be recorded in the patient’s chart
-RDAs should not counsel patients beyond the scope of dentistry (weight control, eating disorders)
-if you identify potential signs of nutrion related issues, speak with the dentist so the patient can be referred to a physician for diagnosis & treatment
Nutrition vs Diet - what is the difference?
Nutrition is the science of how the body uses food to meet its requirements for growth, development, repair & maintenance
Diet - the pattern of individual food intake, eatinng habits, kinds and amounts of food eaten = the sum of food taken in
What factors is diet affected by? **
Many factors such as..
-ethnic/traditional background
-financial situtation
-religion
-lifestyle
-peer influence
-personal attitude
-health conditions
What are the 2 categories of nutrients?
- Essential Nutrients - what your body requires (including vitamins, minerals, protiens, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, and water - Your body needs these nutrients because it cannot synthesis them*
- Non-Essential Nutrients - nutrients that your body can produce from food sources or produces itself (ex. Cholesterol
There are 6 essential nutrients your body requires..
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Water
- Vitamins
- Mineralsu
1-4 are your macronutrients
5-6 are micronutrients
How many minerals are there required for body?
14 of them
How many vitamins are there required for body?
13 vitamins
Water soluble vitamins - These vitamins include vitamin C and all B vitamins. The body doesn’t store water-soluble vitamins, so they need to be consumed regularly. Excess water-soluble vitamins are excreted through urine.
A, E, D & K - Fat-soluble vitamins
These vitamins are stored in the body’s liver, muscles, and fatty tissue. They are absorbed more easily when consumed with dietary fat.
What is Malnutrition?
-impaired health related to nutritional status
-can be due to nutrient or caloric deficiency, excess or imbalance
-caused by problems with food intake, absorption, utilization, or excretion
loss of teeth can be a predictor of malnutrition in adults*
What is the General Definition of “Health”?
“State of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” - WHO
How does Nutrition & Dental Health relate?
Nutrition is the foundation for the health of the oral cavity & the entire body
-Nutritional problems can affect the oral cavity directly and indirectly (ex. scurvy)
Nutrition Factors affecting cavities/decay
-affected by the frequency
-time between exposures - how long does it take to clear
How does Starvation affect oral health?
-deficiencies in vitamins/minerals and proteins affects oral structures & wound healing
How does Bulimia affect oral health?
Enamel Erosion
Deficiencies in vitamins/minerals and proteins
What can high-sugar snacks & drinks cause?
-early childhood caries
-caries
-deficiencies in vitamins/minerals and proteins
What can Poor Vitamin C intake result in?
Scurvy
Poor wound healing
What are DRIs?
Dietary Reference Intakes provide information about tolerable upper intake levels & recommended intake by age group (To find out what is required for individual you would have to do a blood test)
What are RDAs?
Recommended Dietary Allowences are the levels of essential nutrients needed by individiuals on a daily basis
What are DRIs & RDAs deterimined by?
Both are determined by the Food & Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences
What does EAR stand for?
estimated average requirements
What does AI stand for?
adequate intake
What does IL stand for?
tolerable upper intake level
What is the Canada’s Food Guide?
- Canada has evolving pictorial food guide to assist Canadians to choose food wisely
- The food guide rainbow encourages consumers to determine their own healthy lifestyle
What drink is recommended for a meal?
Canada recomends water**
NOTE - USA recomends dairy
What is the purpose of the Canadian Food Guide?***
- Breaks down most foods into a plate representation
- Supports learning about healthy eating
- Helps Canadians choose foods that:
o improve health
o meet nutrient needs
o reduce the risk of nutrition-related chronic (longterm) diseases and conditions - Uses the science of nutrition and health to give Canadians direction on making healthy
food choices***
What percentage of Canadians are affected by dental decay?
Dental decay affects 57% of Canadian children aged 6-11 years and 96% of Canadian adults over their lifetime
