Week 1 Flashcards
Before the 1990’s only ____ young and middle aged participated in trails.
Men
Nonproprietary name
Generic
Ex: Acetaminphen
Proprietary name
Brand Name
Ex: Tylenol
What the body does to the drug
Pharmokinetics
What are the 4 steps of the Pharmacokinetic Process?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
What are the factors that affect drug absorption?
Rate of dissolution Surface area (greater the better) Blood Flow Lipid Solubility pH partitioning
Absorption is how meds are ____
Administrated
Slowest rate of absorption
Oral
Quickest way of absorption
IV
Movement of the drug to interstitial space
Distribution
Chemical alteration of drug structure
Metabolism
What are some special considerations when dealing with drug metabolism?
Age Induction First-pass effect Nutritional status Competition between drugs
What is the first pas effect?
When the drug first passes through the liver
What are the steps in renal drug excretion?
Glomerular Filteration
Passive reabsorption
Active transport
What are some ways of non-renal excretion?
Breast milk, bile, lungs, sweat, saliva
Biochemical and physiological effects of drug on body
Pharmacodynamics
Efficacy is about ____.
Effectiveness
Potency is about ____
Dose
Drug-Related Variables?
Dosage
Route of administration
Drug-diet interactions
Drug-Drug interactions
Patient-Related Variables?
Age Body weight Pharmacogenetic Gender Pre-existing conditions Psychological factors
What is one of the biggest drug-food interactions?
Grapefruit juice effect
What are the 6 rights?
Patient Route Drug Time Dose Documentation
