Anti-coagulant, Anti-platelet, & Thrombolytic

Question 1

What are anticoagulants used for?

Answer 1

primarily to prevent thrombosis in veins and the atria of the heart

Question 2

What does a vitamin K antagonist due?

Answer 2

prevents synthesis/formation

Question 3

If you are taking heparin, what is wrong?

Answer 3

You already have a problem. heparin is not a preventative drug

Question 4

What is Heparin used for?

Answer 4

Preferred in pregnancy

MI, PE, Massive DVT

Question 5

What is the MOA of Heparin?

Answer 5

Helps antithrombin inactivate clotting factors

Question 6

What is Heparin an IV drug?

Answer 6

because of its short half life

Question 7

What are the adverse effects of heparin?

Answer 7

Bleeding

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

Question 8

What do you want to assess before administering Heparin?

Answer 8

BP
HR
CBC
Hematocrit
aPTT

Question 9

If a patient has these in their PMH then they should not get Heparin?

Answer 9

Severe thrombocytopenia
Lumbar puncture
Surgery of the eye, brain, spinal cord

Question 10

What is the reversal agent to heparin?

Answer 10

Protamine Sulfate

Question 11

What is the difference between Heparin and Lovenox?

Answer 11

Heparin:
Inactivates Fact Xa and Thrombin
Short 1/2 life
Inpatient only

Lovenox:
Less likely to develop HIT
Longer 1/2 life 
SubQ ONLY
Safe for outpatient use

Question 12

What is another name for Warfarin?

Answer 12

Coumadin?

Question 13

Name a Vitamin K antagonist

Answer 13

Warfarin

Question 14

What is Warfarin used for?

Answer 14

Outpatient use for long-term Prophylaxis of thrombosis

Prevents venous clots and AFib clots

Question 15

What is the MOA for Warfarin?

Answer 15

Blocks Vitamin K-dependant clotting factors and prothrombin from forming

Question 16

What is warfarin bound too?

Answer 16

Albumin

Question 17

Why is Warfarin not meant for medical emergencies?

Answer 17

Because it has a delayed onset

Question 18

What are the adverse effects of Warfarin?

Answer 18

Fetal hemorrhage
Hemorrhage
Bleeding

Question 19

If a patient has this in their PMH they should not be prescribed Warfarin.

Answer 19

Severe thrombocytopenia
Pregnancy
Vitamin K deficiency
Liver disease

Question 20

What is the reversal agent to Warfarin?

Answer 20

Vitamin K (phytonodione)

Question 21

What is the MOA of Direct Thrombin Inhibitors?

Answer 21

Direct, reversible inhibitor of free and bound thrombin

Question 22

What is Dabigatran (Pradaxa) used for?

Answer 22

Prevents clots related to AFib, DVT’s, Knee of Hip replacement

Question 23

What is an adverse effect of Dabigatran (Pradaxa)?

Answer 23

Bleeding

Question 24

What is Argatroban used for?

Answer 24

Prophylaxis and treatment of thrombosis in patients with HIT

Question 25

What are the prototypes of Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors?

Answer 25

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) | Apixaban (Eliquis)

Question 26

What is the MOA of Rivaroxaban and Apixaban?

Answer 26

Selective inhibition of factor Xa

Question 27

What are antiplatelets used for?

Answer 27

To prevent thrombosis in arteries

Question 28

What drug class is Clopidogrel (plavix) under?

Answer 28

Antiplatelet

Question 29

What is the MOA of Clopidogrel (Plavix)?

Answer 29

Irreversibly blocks ADP receptors preventing platelet aggregation

Question 30

What are the adverse effects of Clopidegral (Plavix)?

Answer 30

Bleeding | Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (TTP)

Question 31

What do you assess prior to administering Clopidegral?

Answer 31

Genetic testing | PMH: Active bleed, Undernourished

Question 32

What do you evaluate after administering Clopidogrel?

Answer 32

S/S of bleeding

Question 33

What are Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists often referred as?

Answer 33

Super Aspirins

Question 34

What are Glycoprotein IIb/IIa Receptor Antagonists used for?

Answer 34

Prevent ischemic events in patients with ACS or undergoing PCI

Question 35

What are the two prototypes of Glycoprotein IIb/IIa Receptor Antagonists?

Answer 35

Abciximab (Reopro) | Eptifibatide (Integrilin)