Weapons of Mass Destruction Flashcards
Etiological
Living micro organism that causes disease. Most common example is a Biological agent.
WMD
Any explosive, incendiary, poison gas, bomb. grenade, or rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces, missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one quarter ounce, or mine or device similar to the above.
CBRNE
Chemical, Biological, Radiological/Nuclear & Explosive)
SLUDGEM
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
Gastrointestinal Upset
Emesis
Miosis
What two types of decontamination are available to first responders?
Emergency Gross Decontamination
Mass Decontamination
The first arriving Suppression/ EMS unit may be referred to as…?
The Reconnaissance Group
A unit of measurement for the exposure of X rays and Gamma rays
Roentgen
Toxic substances of natural origin produced by an animal, plant, or microbe; they differ from chemical substances in that they are not manmade.
Toxin
What are the Life Safety incident objectives for WMD incidents?
-Isolate/ Deny entry
-Remove endangered victims
-Rescue viable patients
-Decontaminate
-Triage, treat, & transport patients
-Initiate public protection (evacuation &/or shelter in place) actions
Isolation zones will be the initial zone identified by _____ __________ to keep everyone out, control zones will be identified by ______ ______ _________ using detection equipment for hot, warm & cold zones.
First responders, Hazmat trained personnel
Ensure life safety of responders, victims & public.
Initiate incident control/ stabilization operations
Provide protection for infrastructure, environment & property
Protect the crime scene & preserve evidence.
These are….?
Strategic goals for the incident
In incidents involving explosives, firefighter PPE & SCBA should be donned _____ __ _______ __ ___ and worn until the involvement of ____ _______ ________ can be ruled out.
Prior to the arrival on the scene. Chemical, biological &/or radiological agents.
During incidents involving explosives, do not use two-way radios, radar, or television transmitting devices within ____ ____ of potentially explosive devices.
300 feet
The first arriving suppression unit should consider staging a minimum of ___ ____ from the site of wher debris/damage is first encountered.
500 feet
According to EOD units, vehicle radios & MDTs should be shut down ___ _____ from the scene as these units are powerful transmitters.
300 feet
Entry into a post-blast area should be limited to _____ ______ ________ only. Responders should enter the area for _______ _______ only and then exit the area to begin treatment.
life safety purposes, viable victims
Secondary hazards post explosive incidents include:
-Unstable structures
-Damaged utilities
-Secondary devices
-Patients/perpetrators with a secondary device or weapon
-Bloodborne pathogens
Responders should limit the use of radios, cell phones, or other two-way devices within ___ ____ of the immediate incident area.
300 feet
Eye & throat problems associated with quantities of airborne pulverized concrete throughout the blas area; entrapped victims become disguised by the gray powder & blend in to the surrounding debris, making search efforts difficult .
Gray out
The most important route of exposure to biological agents is through …?
Inhalation
Multiple victims having the same complaints should immediately raise suspicion of a …?
WMD event
Early & rapid decontamination should be done with a…?
Hand line
Emergency and mass decon should begin with…?
Symptomatic patients first
Emergency decon should be done by stripping the patient’s clothing, flush with water, and cover with disposable blankets. This process is known as ….?
Strip-Flush- Cover
A measure of how much radiation is present. This is similar to a speedometer. It is measured per hour.
Exposure Rate
A measurement of the total amount of radiation exposure an individual has received. This is similar to an odometer.
Exposure Dose
ALARA stand for….?
As Low As Reasonably Achievable
The basic principles of ALARA are:
1 Maximize distance
2 Maximize exposure time, and
3 Maximize shielding
______ _____ affords the greatest protection for all firefighters in any WMD event
Wearing SCBA
When responding to a suspected radiological release, the two primary questions which need to be addressed immediately by responding FD personnel are?
- Is radiation present?
- Are there life safety issues?
If the initial FD personnel are NOT equipped with radiological dosimeters, they may conduct life saving operations for a maximum of….?
15 minutes
LQC method to determine if a situation is suspicious is:
-L Location (Does it belong here?)
-Q Quantity (Would an average person need this much?)
-C Combination (Both above)
