Water supply case study Tanzania Flashcards
what are the main issues surrounding water supply in rural Tanzania ? (6)
- less education because children have to walk 11 hours a day just to find water
- sanitation is very limited (no water, no washing)
- water borne illnesses are very common, and account for over half the disease deaths
- Families who don’t have money for water, let alone school, have no choice but to send their daughters out to collect water
- Need the water for cattle and agriculture
- Most houses in the big cities are shacks and they don’t have piped water supplies which are treated. So they get water from boreholes, but as they’re in a city, they will have to wait a long time to get the water, and so that also wastes time for women and children and they still run the risk of getting raped. Boreholes also need to be dug with specialist equipment which is expensive, and so there aren’t that many, and also if the rte of extraction is more than the rate of rain, there are sustainability problems.
what are the 4 main sectors that water supply affects
health
gender inequality
education
agriculture
why is water so important in rural tanzania (uses) (2)
.- because most people work in agriculure, it is needed for cattle and farming
- Tanzania’s ground water is the major source of water for the nation’s people; however it’s not always clean
how does water supply affect gender inequality in tanzania (2)
- daughters and mothers have to spend several hours each day walking to get water from pumps, they run the risk of being attacked or raped.(gender inequality)
- Families who don’t have money for water, let alone school, have no choice but to send their daughters out to collect water,
where is most water in tanzania gathered from, and what effect does this have (3)
- Tanzania’s ground water is the major source of water for the nation’s people; however it’s not always clean
- Many of these groundwater wells are located near or next to toxic drainage systems, which leak into the fresh groundwater and contaminate it.
- Tanzanians turn to surface water which contains things like bacteria or human waste; and people have no choice but to drink from, bathe in or wash their clothes in these areas
what is the EU doing to help the water shortage situation in rural Tanzania (5)
EU- water supply programme
Mwanza sewerage Rehabilitation Project
Collaboration with NGOs
Water filters were distributed
BUILDING BOREHOLES, and as there is a rainy season, collecting rainwater as well (rainwater harvesting).
what is the water supply programme
Between 2003-2007. Through the water facility initiative the EU in Tanzania has contributed more than 28 million euros to support water and sanitation projects, focusing on upgrade of water and wastewater systems, improvement in small scale water systems, hygiene promotion, environment, institutional reform and capacity building. The EU has also been implementing the Usafi Iringa project which ensures more than 1 thousand additional households with sanitation services.
what is the Mwanza sewereage rehabilitation project
from 2000 to 2004, the EU gave around 6.6 million to the Mwanza sewerage rehabilitation project. The primary goal was to prevent raw sewage overflow into lake Victoria by improving the city’s sewage system and safeguarding public health & environment.
Identify the economic benefits of supplying freshwater to rural communities (in particular women and children) in Tanzania. (6)
As women and children don’t need to go as far to get water, they are able to go to school and have an education, as well as being able to work. Having that education will allow them to get better paying jobs, which will in turn make them wealthier.
When the children, especially girls, don’t have to spend hours collecting water they have the chance to go to school and have a better education.
Clean water reduces the chance of people getting waterborne diseases meaning people can work more consistently which will increase economic stability
With easier access to clean water women can start actual income based jobs
Increases farm productivity
More gender equality (women have more time to boost their own lives)
collaboration with NGOs
EU supports rural water and sanitation through co-financing projects with NGOs. The collaborations focus on enhancing access to water and sanitation services in rural communities, and contributing to improved health and quality of life.
What social benefits are brought by improved water supply in Tanzania? (6)
Improved public health,
nutrition,
less time spent collecting water,
less gender based violence,
there will be improved sanitation
and standards of living meaning there will be healthier living environments and people’s quality of life are likely to increase
capital city, and problems its facing
Dodoma
urban water supply
where is tanzania, and what coast does it have
Tanzania is in the south east, and has a coast on the indian ocean.
attraction of tanzania
Mount kILIMANJARO
is it an LEDC
yes
economy is based on what sector
based on the primary sector/ specifically agriculture
percentage of people living in rural areas
63%
most people work as what type of farmers
subsistence farmers, or if they do sell them they don’t make enough money to sustain their lives
infant mortality rate in tanzania compared to portugal
is 35 deaths per thousand, while in Portugal it’s 2.5 per thousand.
how many children lack access to safe water
Most of the children deaths in Tanzania are from waterborne diseases, 88% lack access to safe water.
what is the reason there is no clean water
there is no clean water is not because there isn’t much water, it’s because there isn’t money available for investment in water infrastructure, due to the economy being low and underdeveloped.
why do people lack access to proper sanitation and what is the cause of that
Most people get their water from surface water (streams and rivers, which are used for cleaning and disposal of waste, so are contaminated). This means that most people lack access to proper sanitation, (no treatments of water and waste). Because economy is too low. So, people go to the bathroom in holes in the ground, or in nature which end up in streams and rivers and so people are exposed. It’s mostly children who die because their immune system is less developed, and weaker. Semi arid climate
