Tourism

Question 1

what is tourism

Answer 1

the act of leaving your home environment to go and visit another area for either work or pleasure

Question 2

main social reasons for growth of international tourism (4)

Answer 2

• high levels of international migration
• raised expectations of international travels
• increase in paid leave average number of days
• promotion of tourism destinations

Question 3

explanation of the social reason of high levels of international migration causing growth of international tourism

Answer 3

This means more people go and visit their families and friends that migrated and now live abroad.

Question 4

explanation of the social reason of Raised expectations of international travels causing growth of international tourism

Answer 4

With social media coverage of holidays, travel spots and nature, people are more inclined to visit and see those places pushing them to go as they see everyone on social media having great experiences there.

Question 5

explanation of the social reason of Increase in paid leave average number of days causing growth of international tourism

Answer 5

Meaning people can take longer vacations so will most probably go somewhere further away as they will have more opportunity to visit it with time and calm.

Question 6

promotion of tourism destinations causing growth of international tourism explanation

Answer 6

the media and marketing

Question 7

economic factors of growth of international tourism (4)

Answer 7

• decreasing cost of holidays
• steadily rising incomes
• expansion of budget airlines
• package holidays

Question 8

explanation of economic factor of growth of global tourism decreasing cost of holidays

Answer 8

A decrease in the cost of holidays means that vacations are becoming more affordable compared to other goods and services. This encourages more people to travel, increasing the demand for holidays.

Question 9

explanation of economic factor of growth of steadily rising incomes

Answer 9

As incomes increase people have more purchasing power, which allows them to afford more goods and services like travel, leading to an increase in holidays and tourism as people can spend more money on leisure activities. Disposable income has gone up over the last 50 years dramatically.

Question 10

explanation of economic factors causing global tourism Expansion of budget airlines

Answer 10

The growth of budget airlines has made air travel more affordable by offering lower-priced flights. This increases accessibility to travel for a broader population, leading to a rise in holiday bookings.

Question 11

why do package holidays increase global tourism

Answer 11

Where you get an all-included holiday. Include flight, hotel, food, sightseeing- all organized for you. It is cheaper because of economies of scale. If you put together these packages, you can get a much better deal as you are buying many more of, for example, hotel rooms or flight seats. The airlines or hotels would want to give this deal as they know for sure they will get those customers. This means the cost of the package will be lower. Also takes the anxiety of organizing it all away.

Question 12

benefits of tourism, social/ cultural (3)

Answer 12

Increases in-migration to the destination areas.

Preservation of local customs / heritage

People often get new employment opportunities like sightseeing guides, in restaurants and builders)

Question 13

EXAMPLE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF AN LEDC THAT SHOULD TAKE ADVANTAGE OF TOURISM AS A DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Answer 13

Cambodia would be suited to take advantage of tourism as they have many touristic sites that they preserve anyways, and are very monumental, culturally important and beautiful. This would definitely attract tourism as well as the fact that they have beaches that are very pretty and would attract a lot of attention from tourists. They have affordable cost of living, political stability and rich natural scenic landscapes as well as cultural attractions like the Angkor Wat.

Question 14

CHARACTERISTICS AND EXAMPLE OF AN LEDC WOULD BE LESS LIKELY TO BENEFIT FROM TOURISM AS A DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Answer 14

Somalia would be less likely to benefit from tourism because of their political instability, security and safety problems, high crime rates, poor infrastructure and environmental degradation. They have a decreasing rate of visitors.they lack the necessary factors to support tourism development. Also too arid.

Question 15

MAIN AREAS WHERE TOURISTS SPEND THEIR MONEY

Answer 15

accomodation
Sightseeing
Food service industry
Souvenir trade
Travel
Tourist services

Question 16

what is the multiplier effect

Answer 16

There is a boost to local economy because of a higher demand of goods and services which results in higher incomes because of tourist spending

Question 17

what employment opportunities does tourism create

Answer 17

Low skilled service jobs, seasonal, low pay like:
Barmen and Waiters
Hotel cleaners
Gardeners

Question 18

MAIN PROBLEM WITH THE JOBS THAT TOURISM CREATES

Answer 18

They are seasonal because tourists don’t come all year round and they are low paid

Question 19

EXAMPLE OF A COUNTRY THAT IS OVERLY DEPENDANT ON TOURISM AND WHY THAT CAUSES PROBLEMS

Answer 19

The Maldivesis over-dependent on tourism risks economic instability and if there is an external shock like terrorist attack, a pandemic or a war, tourists don’t want to come so many people will be unemployed.

Question 20

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES EMPLOYED TO REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF TOURISM (3)

Answer 20

• Visitor limits and temporary closure to allow the ecosystem to recover from overuse
• Hotels can use solar panels to reduce energy use
• Marine protected areas : in places like the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, have been established to limit activities like fishing and diving in sensitive areas, helping to protect marine life

Question 20

HOW CAN TOURISM HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
(4)

Answer 20

• The construction of infrastructures can disrupt wildlife habitats
• transportation related emissions will contribute to air pollution.
• Water pollution from litter and sewage disposal
  -Damage of coral reef to sell to tourists or anchors damaging the reef or overfishing because of an increased demand for seafood

Question 21

SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM
(2)

Answer 21

Increased crime : Popular places for tourism can experience higher rates of crime such as theft
Community displacement: tourism development project like building resorts can displace local residents

Question 22

HOW CAN TOURISM HARM CULTURES

Answer 22

Some cultural traits can get exploited for tourist consumption it loses its cultural authenticity

Question 23

HOW CAN TOURISM BENEFIT CULTURES (2)

Answer 23

• Tourism can encourage the preservation of local traditions because people want to see the authentic lifestyles of local people
• Money from tourism can fund museums, cultural centers and festivals.

Question 24

what is sustainable tourism

Answer 24

is Organised so that environmental, social and economic levels can be maintained in the future without compromising the present areas.

Question 25

why is the need for sustainable tourism so widely accepted

Answer 25

Because people start to understand that they need to be responsibly planning, managing and monitoring their tourism or travels as its becomes more and more important as the levels of global tourism increase rapidly.

Question 26

what is destination footprint

Answer 26

the environmental impact that is caused by an individual tourist on holiday at a particular destination

Question 27

what does fly less, stay longer mean and what is it promoting

Answer 27

• Use air transportation less times and when you do stay for longer periods of time in order to explore more of the country.
• promoting sustainable tourism

Question 28

what are carbon off-set flights and what do they promote

Answer 28

-credits that can be purchased to compensate for the carbon emissions produced by a flight

• promote sustainable tourism

Question 29

what is slow travel and what does it promote

Answer 29

• Encourage people to experience and visit the country as a ‘local’ in order to maintain the culture, and support local businesses
• promotes sustainable tourism

Question 30

WHAT CAN INTRODUCING QUOTAS FOR VISITOR NUMBERS TO CERTAIN BUSY TIMES DO FOR TOURISM PROBLEMS

Answer 30

It can reduce overcrowding, protect the environment and improve visitor experience, however management is needed to balance conservation and the economic needs of a community

Question 31

EXAMPLES OF PLACES THAT INTRODUCED QUOTAS (3)

Answer 31

• Machu picchu, Peru: visitor numbers are limited to protect the site from erosion and overuse
• Cinque terre, Italy: Daily visitor limits have been introduced to preserve the coast preventing damage caused by overcrowding
• Galapagos islands, Ecuador: the number of tourists is regulated to protect the wildlife from human impact

Question 32

how is ecotourism being applied and bringing benefits to the Cuyabueno Wildlife reserve in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Answer 32

Ecotourism has helped to bring needed income to some of the poorest parts of the country. It has provided local people with a new alternative way of making a living. It has reduced human pressure on ecologically sensitive areas.

• Ecuador’s tourism strategy has been to avoid becoming a mass market destination but to market quality’ and exclusivity’ instead