antinatal policies China casestudy Flashcards

1
Q

what is china’s one child policy

A

A law that limited most chinese families to only one child each

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2
Q

EXCEPTIONS OF THE OCP RULE ?

A

If the couple were both only children themselves

if they had mental or physical incapabilities/ disabilities

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3
Q

when was it introduced

A

1978-80s

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4
Q

how many births were prevented

A

100 million

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5
Q

WHAT IS THE 4-2-1 PROBLEM

A

The shape of China’s population was too imbalanced (with grandparents being more than the lower generation) so children were potentially financially responsible for two parents and 4 grandparents.

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6
Q

what problem did it cause

A

the shape isn’t a pyramid but an inverted pyramid with 4 grandparents, 2 parents and one child which meant economically and financially it was harder for the child.

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7
Q

WHAT IS THE SPARE BRANCHES PROBLEM

A

The spare branch problem is the result of tension in society because of males trying to get wives and impress females because of the gender disparity ratio being unbalanced)

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8
Q

what did the OCP result in thinking about gender

A

Gender disparity between female and male ratio is very unbalanced. Male is taller. People would get abortions more frequently if the fetus was female because they could scan and know the gender. A lot of baby girls were also murdered after birth(female infanticide).

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9
Q

who were the favourites ( people preferred to have males or females)

A

males

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10
Q

what would a lot of people do if they didn’t wan’t the gender they were having

A

gender related abortions
- abandon children
- put them for adoption

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11
Q

WHAT IS THE LITTLE EMPEROR PROBLEM

A

children were being over indulged by parents who wanted a larger family which resulted in a poorly disciplined generation with fewer social and adaptive capabilities (spoiled/egocentric)

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12
Q

3 main problems OCP had

A
  • little emperor problem
  • spare branches
  • 4-2-1
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13
Q

WHY was the OCP introduced?

A

To reduce growth rate of china’s population
And partly to deal with the effects of the great leap forwards which had caused widespread food shortages and famine
To try and have the optimum population number

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14
Q

WHO is affected by the OCP?

A

It affected all families in china, affected male, female and children but also some other countries because of the amount of children that were abandoned and put up for adoption

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15
Q

HOW is the OCP implemented? (methods used)

A

There would be forced abortions or forced sterilizations

There would be large fines and loss of employment if you had more than one child illegally

There would be monitoring and baby police to make sure that no one was cheating (spy on people making sure they weren’t having more than one child)

Contraception (easy access to pills/condoms)

Free sterilization and abortions

They could lose lands/ jobs

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16
Q

successes of OCP

A

It managed to reduce the population growth (still grew though)

Fertility rate reduced from 5 children per woman to 1 child per woman

Demographic transition model stage 4

17
Q

failures of OCP

A

It made a huge disparity between genders

It made many more children specifically girls be orphaned

It created a population structure very aged and created economic problems for younger generation

A lot of unregistered children

18
Q

HOW HAS THE POLICY CHANGED IN RECENT YEARS AND WHY

A

in 2021, couples were allowed to have 3 children each

19
Q

why was the OCP changed

A

he one child policy was changed because the fertility was well below replacement level and China began to face pressure associated with the continuing low fertility. China has industrialized and gone through an economic miracle so there are jobs to be done.