energy case study CHINA Flashcards
china consumes as much coal as
the rest of the world combined
when did Chin overtake the US in total energy usage
2009
why did China overtake the US in total energy usage in 2009
because they rapidly started to industrialise and grow their economy.
Total renewable energy capacity in China reached __ GW in 2009
226
how many tons of oil did China use in 2009
2.25 billion
how many tons of oil did the US use in 2009
2.17 billion
China has the ___ energy mix
highest in the world
China uses more energy than any other country in the world - true or false?
true
in 2022, how much coal was used for energy consumption (%)
55%
in 2022, how much % did oil take of energy consumption in China
18%
in 2022, how much % did natural gases take of energy consumption in China
9%
in 2022, how much % did HEP take of energy consumption in China
8%
in 2022, how much % did nuclear energy take of energy consumption in China
2%
in 2022, how much % did renewables (not HEP) take of energy consumption in China
8%
in 2012, how much % did oil take of energy consumption in China
18%
in 2012, how much % did coal take of energy consumption in China
68%
in 2012, how much % did natural gases take of energy consumption in China
5%
in 2012, how much % did HEP take of energy consumption in China
5%
in 2012, how much % did nuclear energy take of energy consumption in China
1%
in 2012, how much % did renewables take of energy consumption in China
5%
what source of energy is China’s biggest and why is that bad
Uses coal the most, which is the worst because of carbon emissions and pollutants which are harmful to humans (acid rain), and solid matter
Describe China’s energy mix
On one hand, it tries hard to use renewable energy sources, but is very irregular as they consume as much coal as the rest of the world combined and is the largest energy consumer in the world. (are changing their economy so that they use more renewable sources)
China is trying to change their economy so that they can rely on ?
more of their electricity coming from renewable sources and decrease their dependency on fossil fuels.
what did china commit to by 2060
carbon neutrality
to when did china commit to carbon neutrality
2060
What are china’s aims : (3)
- more energy security
- less coal dependancy
- reducing impact on climate change
what has China been been trying to do in recent years (2) and how do they plan to do this
- tried to take a more balanced approach to energy supply
- tried to reduce its environmental impact
The development of clean coal technology is an important aspect of this approach.
how is dependance on coal changing
Even though coal is still the dominant energy source, the dependance on it is declining.
why was dependance on coal so high before
because they’ve got loads of it and it is cheap (rational financial decisions) (has worlds biggest reserves of coal which is easily accessible and the only cost is to mine it)
how many coal fired thermal power stations does Chin have, and how many does Portugal have
3092, 0
how many coal fired power stations are currently under construction AND how many have the shut down
300
150
why has coal usage for energy decreased
because the country has been using more energy and is getting more of it from other sources.
does china have any oil stations
NO
why is oil usage staying the same
because it needs to be imported and is expensive, and they need it for transport which is why it hasn’t decreased.
why has gas usage nearly doubled
because they have the infrastructure needed to import it from other countries
how many electric vehicles does china have
China has 20.4 million Electric vehicles out of 420 million (5% are electric)
why has HEP usage not increased significantly
because they have already used most of their HEP potential ( Three gorges dam built in 1994)
why is Nuclear usage increasing so rapidly now
Nuclear has doubled, and China is building nuclear power stations. They are able to do that now because they have the money, and the technology (didn’t 30 years ago)
why have other renewables nearly doubled
invested heavily on Solar and Wind.
how has % of total renewable energy sources changed in the last 10 years
nearly doubled
Why has the Three Gorges Dam been so important to energy development in China?
is a reliable energy supply, meaning China can support its rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as acting as a symbol of China’s technological and engineering capacities, boosting their international reputation.
This attracts investments in other sectors from other countries.
Acts as an important method of flood control, protecting the population and economy from effects of flood, adding to countries economic stability.
MAIN PRINCIPLES OF CHINA’S CURRENT ENERGY POLICY (4)
- Achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 (more nuclear, solar, wind and HEP in result of this policy)
- Expand solar, wind and hydroelectric energy usage rapidly
- Want to be the world leader for most usage of renewable energy (which earns them money as they sell the renewable technology to other countries)
- Priority has also been given to building in the national oil reserve
what is the 3 gorges dam
the world’s largest electricity generating plant of any kind
where is the 3 gorges dam
in china across the Yangtze river
what does the 3 gorges dam help with
in reducing China’s reliance on coal.
what is the 3 gorges dam total general capacity
22,500 megawatts
the 3 gorges dam helps transmit electricity to where in China, and how does that help their balance of demand
to regions that were previously underserved or lacked sufficient infrastructure for energy distribution. This helps balance the demand for energy in different regions, making energy access more equitable across the country.
China has invested around __ times more than the rest of the world in their energy
6x
when did China’s main investments in energy start
in 2015, and have been increasing ever since
Since 2007, China’s wind power generation has
increased rapidly
China’s wind power generation is momentarily
the highest in the world followed by the US.
