Water Erosion

Question 1

Where is most of the earth’s fresh water located?

Answer 1

polar ice

Question 2

What % of earth’s water is useable in rivers, lakes, streams, etc?

Answer 2

1/2 %

Question 3

Where is most of the drinking water in the US located?

Answer 3

ground

Question 4

What things occur in the young stage of a river?

Answer 4

Narrow
V shaped
Straight
Steep gradient
fast flowing

Question 5

What things occur during the mature stage of a river?

Answer 5

Gradient lessens
Water slows
Flood plan develops
Meanders develop
Valley widens

Question 6

What things occur during the old stage of a river?

Answer 6

flood plain widens
meanders broaden
yazoo streams
slow moving water
oxbow lakes 
levees

Question 7

Rivers carry 3 types of sediment load. What are they?

Answer 7

Solution
Suspension
bedload

Question 8

What is solution?

Answer 8

dissolved material

Question 9

What is suspension?

Answer 9

fine material in turbulence

Question 10

What is bedlad?

Answer 10

heavy particles dragged along bottom

Question 11

The amount of erosion depends on what?

Answer 11

velocity or discharge

Question 12

What is drainage basin?

Answer 12

land that drains into river system

Question 13

What is divide?

Answer 13

high land that separates drainage basin

Question 14

What is discharge?

Answer 14

volume of water passing a point in a given time

Question 15

What is floodplain?

Answer 15

wide level area that borders a river and is covered by water during a flood-rich soil- good for crops

Question 16

Describe recession by water

Answer 16

face of waterfall eroding away moving the falls upstream

Question 17

What is an example of recession by water?

Answer 17

Niagara Falls

Question 18

What can change the carrying power of a river?

Answer 18

velocity and discharge

• Drought/flood
• channel width
• slope/gradient

Question 19

A fan shaped deposit formed when a river meets a slower moving body of water is called a what?

Answer 19

Delta

Question 20

A deposit formed on land when a stream enters a flat plain is called what?

Answer 20

alluvial fan

Question 21

Hot water coming to the surface through a wide opening is called a what?

Answer 21

hot springs

Question 22

IF this water travels upward through mud, it is a what?

Answer 22

mud pot

Question 23

Old faithful is an example of what?

Answer 23

geyser

Question 24

What is a geyser?

Answer 24

a hot spring with a small opening through which steam periodically escapes

Question 25

______________ is the name for regions with caves, sinkholes, and natural bridges

Answer 25

Karst topography

Question 26

What is stalagmite?

Answer 26

carbonate dripstone deposition on cave floor

Question 27

What is stalactite?

Answer 27

carbonate dripstone deposit on cave roof

Question 28

What is column?

Answer 28

when a stalactite and stalagmite meet

Question 29

What is a sink hole?

Answer 29

roof of cavern weakens and collapses through to the surface

Question 30

What is aquifer?

Answer 30

permeable layer of rock that carries water

Question 31

What is groundwater?

Answer 31

water stored underground

Question 32

What is the difference between porosity and permeability?

Answer 32

porosity- % of rock that is pore space

permeability- rate/ability for water to pass through

Question 33

What 2 factors affect porosity?

Answer 33

1) particle shape

2) particle sorting

Question 34

What does it mean if a rock is impermeable?

Answer 34

Water cannot pass through

Question 35

What is an example of an impermeable rock?

Answer 35

shale and clay

Question 36

How deep is the water table below the surface?

Answer 36

depends

Question 37

What changes the depth of the water table?

Answer 37

climate
season
depth of impermeable layer
topography
land use
type of rock
vegitation