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freshmen year > 367-374 > Flashcards

367-374 Flashcards

0
Q

What was the kingdom of Naples dominated by?

A

the French house of Anjou

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1
Q

What had guaranteed that Italy failed to develop a centralized monarchical state?

A

Papal opposition to the Hohenstaufens

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2
Q

What was Sicily ruled by?

A

the Spanish house of Aragon

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3
Q

Who became fairly well centralized territorial states?

A

Milan, Venice, Florence

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4
Q

Where was Milan located?

A

located at the crossroads of the main trade routes fro Italian coastal cities to the Alpine passes. it was one of the richest city-states in Italy

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5
Q

Who established themselves as dukes of Milan and extended their power over all of Lombardy?

A

members of the Visconti family

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6
Q

Who was the Visconti ruler of Milan?

A

Francesco Sforza

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7
Q

What is a condottiere?

A

leader of a mercenary band

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8
Q

Who did Francesco Sforza turn on?

A

his Milanese employers

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9
Q

How did Venice grow rich?

A

from commercial activity throughout the eastern Mediterranean and into Northern Europe

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10
Q

What region did Florence dominate?

A

Tuscany

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11
Q

What did Cosimo de’ Medici do in 1434?

A

assumed control of the ruling oligarchy

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12
Q

What was Urbino ruled by?

A

the Montefeltro dynasty

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13
Q

Who was the most famous of the ruling Italian women

A

Isabella d’Este, daughter of the duke of Ferrara.

Called the “first lady of the world”

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14
Q

Who did she attract to the Mantuan court?

A

artists and intellectuals

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15
Q

How many men where in French King Charles VIII’s army?

A

30,000 men

he occupied the kingdom of Naples

16
Q

Even though Niccolo Machiavelli was a diplomat for Florence, what eventually happened to him?

A

he was forced into exile

17
Q

What did he write?

A

The Prince

18
Q

Who was Cesare Borgia?

A

the son of Pope Alexander VI

19
Q

When did the struggle between the papacy and the seclaar monarchies begin?

A

during the pontificate of Pope Boniface VIII

20
Q

What was the strongest statement ever made by a pope on the supremacy of the spiritual authority over the temporal authority?

A

Unam Sanctam

21
Q

Where was the pope captured?

A

Anagni

22
Q

Where did Clement V take residence?

A

Avignon

23
Q

Where was Avignon?

A

on the east bank of the Rhone RIver

24
Q

Who’s saintly demeanor and claims of visions from God led the city of Florence to send her on a mission to Pope Gregory XI in Avignon?

A

Catherine of Siena

25
Q

Who was the leadership in convening a council eventually passed to?

A

the holy Roman emperor Sigismund

26
Q

Who called for an end to the worldliness and corruption of the clergy and attacked the excessive power of the papacy within the Catholic Church?

A

John Hus

27
Q

When did Catherine of Siena’s admonition seem to be heeded?

A

when t long last Pope Gregory XI perceiving the disastrous decline in papal prestige, returned to Rome

28
Q

Who did thecardinals elect as Pope?

A

Urban VI

29
Q

Who was the other Pope?

A

Clement VII

30
Q

What did this start?

A

the great schism

31
Q

Who spported clement?

A

france,m Spain scotland, southern Italy

32
Q

Who supported Urban

A

England, Germany, Scandinavia and most of Italy

33
Q

Who was the lleadership in convning a council passed to?

A

the holy roman emperor Sigismund

34
Q

Who was the new Pope elected?

A

Pope Martin V

35
Q

What did John Hus call for?

A

an end to the worldliness and corruption of the clergy and attacked the excessive power of the papacy within the Catholic Church

36
Q

What did the Counci of Constance attempt to deal with?

A

growing problem of heresy

37
Q

What led to a decline in papal prestige?

A

the residency of the popes in Avignon for almost three quarters of the 14 cntury led to a decline in papal prestige and a growinf antipapal sentiment

freshmen year (39 decks)

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