Nutrition Flashcards
List the groups of foods
fruits, dairy, grains, protein, fats sweets oils, veggies
What is the difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fat?
Saturated fats- solid fat at room temperature
Unsaturated fats- liquid fat at room temperature
What provides no energy to the body directly, but helps unleash energy stored in foods?
Vitamin
What does a lacto vegetarian restrict?
excludes eggs, fish, poultry, and meat
What does a vegan restrict?
excludes all foods of animal origin
What does a semi-vegetarian restrict?
excludes all red meat
What does an ovo-lacto vegetarian restrict?
excludes fish, poultry and red meat
What does protein do for the body?
growth
The _________ are recommendations for diet choices for healthy americans who are 2 years of age or older
dietary guidelines
What is the sum of the process by which we consume and use food?
nutrition
A unit of energy produced by food is called a what?
calorie
What is a vitamin?
a nutrient that helps the body use carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. They provide no energy to the body directly but help unleash energy stored in C, P, and F
What is a mineral?
a nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions in the body
What is the physiological need for food?
hunger
What is the rate at which food is converted into energy in body cells?
metabolism
What is the sugars and starches found in foods. They are the main source of energy for the body.
Carbohydrate
The fat like substance made by the body and found in certain foods is what?
Cholesterol
An eating strategy in which a few days of very low carbohydrate intake is followed by a few days of very high carbohydrate intake is called what?
Carbohydrate loading
An eating strategy in which extra protein is eaten to increase muscle size is called what?
protein loading
What is 10% below desirable body weight
underweight
What is 10% above desirable body weight?
overweight
What is anorexia?
an eating disorder in which a person starves himself or herself and weighs 15% or more below desirable weight
What is antioxidant?
protects cells from oxidation
What is osteoporosis
bone deterioation
What is embolism
a blockage in an artery in the blood
What is atherosclerosis
plaque on artery walls
What is cardiovascular disease?
disease of the heart and blood vessel
What are the 3 types of foods that provide energy?
Protein, carbohydrate, fats
How can you reduce the risk of developing cancer?
avoid obesity, eat fruit veggies fiber, limit fat intake, do not drink alcohol as a teen
How can you reduce your risk of developing a cardiovascular disease?
limit your fat intake, increase your intake of foods containing antioxidants, limit your intake of sodium
How can you reduce your risk of developing osteoportosis?
weight bearing exercise, avoid smoking
What is dehydration?
when water content of the body is low
Can dehydration cause headaches?
yes
