WATER & BUFFER SYSTEM Flashcards
Water is describe as ___ which is the ability to dissolve
Solvent
____ dissolved in water
Ionic or polar
___ substances dissolve poorly in water (ex: oil)
Non polar
___ (which ionizes) and ___ (polar) are able to form hydrogen bonds, both dissolve in water
Sodium chloride
Ethanol
Interact well with water and dissolve in it
Hydrophilic
Non polar and does not dissolved in water
Hydrophobic
Compounds that have both properties (Ex: soap)
Amphiphillic
Non polar hydrocarbons (hexane) and lipids (Fats and cholesterol) are examples of ___
Hydrophobic
Ionic compounds, alcohol, ketones , carbonyls and weak acid (phosphate, amino acids, sugar and carbohydrates) are examples of ___
Hydrophilic
___ molecules don’t really interact with water, the water behaves very differently than it does with ions or molecules that form hydrogen bonding
Non polar
Around each non polar molecules, water gets very __ aligning itself regularly
Organized
We measure the proton concentration of a solution with pH, which is the negative log of the proton concentration. What is the formula?
pH = -Log[H+]
If the proton concentration, [H+]= 10-7 M, then the pH is 7. We could just as easily measure the hydroxide concentration with the pOH by the parallel equation, what is the Formula of -OH (hydroxide)
pOH = -Log[OH- ]
In pure water, dissociation of a proton simultaneously creates a hydroxide, so the pOH of pure water is 7, as well. This also means that. What is the formula after getting the pH and pOH?
pH + pOH
refer to a substance which has protons that can dissociate (come off) when dissolved in water.
Acid
a substance that can absorb protons when dissolved in water.
Base
A buffer system usually consist of a ___ and its ___ or a ___ and its ___
Weak acid
Conjugate base
Weak base
Conjugate acid
When an acid H+ is added to the solution, the conjugate base buffer neutralize it and vice versa
What is the term of waters ability to resist changes in temperature
High specific heat
What is the effect of adding a strong acid to a neutral solution?
The pH decreases
What is the pH of a solution with a low concentration of hydrogen ions?
High pH
What is the pH of a gastric acid in the stomach?
1-2
What is the term for the ability of water to move through narrow spaces against gravity?
Capillary action
What is the term for the process by which water molecules stick to other surfaces?
Adhesion
What is the term for the movement of water through a plant from roots to leaves?
Transpiration
What property of water allows it to form droplets?
Cohesion
What is the term for Waters ability to resist changes in temperature?
High specific heat
