BIOL 5 MIDTERM (2) Flashcards
___ Meaning life
___ meaning study/study of
Bios
Logos
Father of modern human anatomy
Andreas Vesalius
He discovered the circulation of blood and function of the heart
William Harvey
He discovered the blood capillaries through his study of chick embryos
Marcello Malfighi
He discovered cells store under a compound microscope he designed
Robert hooke
Looked at a studied plant and animal cells
Theodore schwan and Matthias schleiden
Proved that living cells came from other living cells
Rudolf Virchow
The method of research defined steps that include careful observation and experimentation
Scientific method
Branches of biology is based on ; (2)
Method or aspect of the study
Type of organism
Cell theory (3)
Cell is the basic unit of life
Cells comes from pre-existing cells
All organisms are made up of cells
___ “life comes only from life” ____ discovered pasteurization (a process of removing pathogenic)
Biogenesis
Louis Pasteur
The internal environment remains within a normal or balanced range, control temperature, PH , etc.
By______
Homeostasis
Claude Bernard
• All living organisms have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life
• He wrote the book “_____”
• By ____
Evolution
On the origin of species
Charles darwin
•Organisms contain coded information that dictates their structure, function and behavior
• By ____, ___, ____, ____,____
Gene
Gregor mendel
Maurice Wilkins
Rosalind Franklin
James Watsons
Francis crick
4 Nucleotides (DNA)
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
4 Nucleotides (RNA)
Adenine
Guanine
Uracil
Cytosine
Mrs. C. Gren
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Control
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
An action by organisms causing a change of location or place
Movement
The movement of an organism from place to place
Locomotion
___ A chemical reaction carried out in living organisms
Respiration
Energy is released from glucose either in the presence of oxygen ___ or the absence of oxygen ____
Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Energy is transformed in the form of ___ (____)
Atp
Adenosine triphosphate
____ Refers to the ability to detect and respond to the stimuli in its sorroundings
Sensitivity
____ involves ____ a process where living organisms must control their internal environment in order to keep conditions within a required limit
Control
Homeostasis
In humans ____ refers to the control of the body temperature
Thermoregulation
___ Control of blood glucose levels
Glucoregulation
___ controls of water levels
___ the blood vessels widens to lower blood pressure and allow more heat to be lost
___ the blood vessels narrow down to prevet heat from escaping
Osmoregulation
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
• In narrow plants ___ refers to maintaining a suitable temperature, balance of water and osmosi
• Water evaporates from the ___ on the underside of the leaf leading to heat loss
Transpiration
Stomata
The permanents increase in size
Growth
• the ___ system provides a complex system of receptors, neurons and effectors which detects and responds to different event stimuli using electrical impulses
• ____ system allows a response to stimuli using chemical messengers called hormones
Nervous system
Endocrine system
• ___ a plants response to gravity (___ plant grows upwards or against gravity, ____ plant grows accordingly to gravity)
• ___ a plants response to light causes it to grow towards sunlight
Geotropism
Negatively geotropic
Positively geotropic
Phototropism
___ cell division
___ it produces buds which eventually develop as a new generation
___ a process in which plant reproduce from stems, roots and leaves
___ stalk of lotus pad/water lily
Mitosis
Budding
Vegetative propagation
Runners
It refers to the process that leads to the production of more of the same kind of organisms
Reproduction
Two types of reproduction;
_____ the female and male gametes fuse
_____ the cells or whole organisms can reproduce by themselves
Sexual and asexual
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
It is the process of removing toxic materials and substances from organisms
Excretion
___ produce waste products, some are toxic and must be eliminated from the body
Metabolic reactions
Two types of metabolism;
____ is the breakdown of food components with simpler forms of energy
____ is the building or preparation of complex molecules from numerous simple ones
Catabolism and anabolism
Catabolism
Anabolism
It refers to the need of organisms to contain food to provide energy
Nutrition
In plants, they create their own food for energy so they are described as being ____
In animals, it consumes other living organisms to obtain energy they are ___
Autotrophic/autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Steps of scientific method
- Observing and stating the problem
- Forming a hypothesis
- Testing the hypothesis
- Recording and analyzing the data
- Forming conclusion
- Replicating the process
Prokaryotes are much ___ and much simpler than eukaryotic cells
Smaller
___ that helps cellular growth in prokaryotic cells
Cytoplasm
The ___ helps in transportation of materials in a cell (eukaryotic)
Endoplasmic reticulum
A prokaryotic cells is a primitive type of cell that is characterized by the ___ of a nucleus, prokaryotes do not possess ___ cellular organelles
Absence
Membrane bound
____ are cells without a nucleus
Prokaryotic cells
